2019—2021年二连浩特口岸啮齿动物及其携带病原体调查  

Investigation on Rodents and Rodent-Borne Pathogens at Erenhot Port in 2019-2021

作　　者：魏怀波 任星历 邬婧 张胜 白长江 赵亚飞 梁慧杰 WEI Huai-Bo;REN Xing-Li;WU Jing;ZHANG Sheng;BAI Chang-Jiang;ZHAO Ya-Fei;LIANGHui-Jie(Erlian Customs House,Erenhot 011100;Inner Mongolia Blood Center,Huhhot 010010;Qiqihaer Customs House,Qiqihaer 161000)

机构地区：[1]二连海关,二连浩特011100 [2]内蒙古自治区血液中心,呼和浩特010010 [3]齐齐哈尔海关,齐齐哈尔161000

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2022年第10期14-19,共6页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2020HK127)。

摘　　要：本文通过介绍二连浩特口岸地区啮齿动物、蚤类分布及啮齿动物携带病原体的情况,为口岸加强鼠传疾病防控工作提供数据。2019—2021年,在二连浩特口岸采用单公顷24 h弓形夹法和夹夜法捕鼠,对捕获的鼠类和蚤类进行分类鉴定,并检测出7种病原体的核酸。在此期间,共捕获啮齿动物649只,经鉴定分为2目4科11属13种,子午沙鼠、长爪沙鼠和达乌尔黄鼠分别为234只、153只和149只,分别占捕获鼠类的36.06%、23.57%和22.96%,均为优势鼠种。采集蚤类4科11属12种660只,方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种和同形客蚤指名亚种分别为203只和149只,占采集总数的30.76%和22.58%,为优势种。检测的7种病原体中,巴尔通体阳性率为21.88%、无形体阳性率为4.47%、斑点热立克次体阳性率为1.39%。该口岸优势鼠种种类较多且存在不同病原体自然感染,应加强口岸鼠传疾病疫情防控工作。This paper introduced the distribution of rodents, fleas, rodent-borne pathogens in Erenhot, providing rich data for strengthening the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases at the port. From 2019 to 2021, rodents were captured by one-hectare 24-hour bow-clip and night-trapping methods at Erenhot. The captured rodents and fleas were then classified and identified, and nucleic acids of 7 pathogens were tested. During the same period, a total of 649 rodents were captured and identified, falling into 2 orders, 4 families, 11 genera and 13 species. Among them, there were 234 Meriones meridianus, 153 Meriones unguiculatus and 149 Spermophilus dauricus, accounting for 36.06%, 23.57% and 22.96% respectively of the total captured rodents, all of which were dominant rodents. A total of 660 fleas were collected from 4 families, 11 genera and 12 species, with Citellophilus tesquorum mongolicus(203, 30.76%) and Xenopsylla conformis conformis(149, 22.58%), both of which were dominant species. Among the 7pathogens detected, the positive rates of Bartonella, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Spotted fever group rickettsiae were 21.88%,4.47% and 1.39% respectively. As there are a large number of dominant rodents along with natural infection among different pathogens at the port, the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases should be further strengthened.

关 键 词：二连浩特口岸 啮齿动物 病原体 

分 类 号：R185[医药卫生—流行病学]