减量增效套餐肥对洛川‘红富士’苹果品质和土壤多样性影响的研究  

Research on the Effect of Reduction and Efficiency Package Fertilizer on the Quality and Soil Diversity of Luochuan‘Red Fuji’Apples

作　　者：吴小珍 郝祥蕊 宋凯[2] 崔莹[2] 何亚文[2] 张红艳 WU Xiaozhen;HAO Xiangrui;SONG Kai;CUI Ying;HE Yawen;ZHANG Hongyan(Shanghai Nongle Biological Products Company Limited,Shanghai 201419,China;Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Shanghai Nongle Joint R&D center on Biopesticides and Biofertilizers,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海农乐生物制品股份有限公司,上海201419 [2]上海交通大学-上海农乐生物农药与生物肥料联合研发中心,上海200240

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2022年第12期29-36,共8页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为探讨农乐套餐对洛川苹果的品质及土壤微环境的影响,以洛川‘红富士’苹果为试材,系统比较了使用常规套餐和农乐套餐后的洛川苹果园中果实产量、果实内外在品质、土壤化学性质和土壤微生物多样性。结果表明:与常规套餐相比,农乐套餐处理(总养分减量43.65%)对洛川‘红富士’苹果产量提升了5.69%,且显著提升苹果的品质,其中苹果中的可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量,分别提高了8.0%、12.1%、11.1%,苹果中的可滴定酸的含量降低了7.1%。此外,农乐套餐显著降低土壤中藤黄色杆菌属细菌的丰度,而显著提高假单胞菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌、硝化螺菌、假诺卡氏菌属、罗库菌和芽孢杆菌属细菌的丰度。综上,农乐套餐能有效提升苹果的产量和品质,这种提升与土壤化学性质和微生物多样性改善密切相关。研究结果为进一步优化农乐套餐的设计提供了科学依据,也为洛川苹果绿色发展提供了保障。In order to explore the effect of Nongle package fertilizer on the quality and soil microenvironment of Luochuan apples.In this study,Luochuan'Red Fuji'apple was used as the test material,and the fruit yield,internal and external quality of fruit,soil chemical properties and soil microbial diversity soil physiological and biochemical characteristics and soil physiology and biochemical characteristics were systematically compared in Luochuan apple orchards after using conventional treatment and Nongle package fertilizer.The results showed that compared with the conventional treatment,the Nongle package fertilizer treatment(43.65% reduction in total nutrients)increased the yield of Luochuan‘Red Fuji’apples by 5.69%,and significantly improved the quality of apples,including the total soluble solids content,vitamin C and soluble sugars content increased by 8.0%,12.1% and 11.1%,respectively,and the titratable acid content in apples decreased by 7.1%.In addition,the Nongle package fertilizer significantly reduced the abundance of L.luteus bacteria in the soil,while significantly increased the abundance of Pseudomonas,Sphingomonas,Nitrospirillum,Pseudonocardia,Rocus and Bacillusbacteria.Nongle package fertilizer could effectively improve the yield and quality of apples,which was closely related to the improvement of soil chemical properties and microbial diversity.These research results provide a scientific basis for further optimizing the design of the Nongle package fertilizer,and also provide a guarantee for the green development of Luochuan apples.

关 键 词：洛川苹果 套餐肥 土壤化学性质 产量与品质 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]