播期对胡麻产量、品质、农艺性状的影响研究  

Effects of Sowing Date on Yield,Quality and Agronomic Characters of Flax(Linum usitatissimum L.)

作　　者：崔彦芹 郭元章[1] 李思达 侯少锋 张丽丽 乔海明 徐桂真[1] CUI Yanqin;GUO Yuanzhang;LI Sida;HOU Shaofeng;ZHANG Lili;QIAO Haiming;XU Guizhen(Institution of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding,Shijiazhuang 050035;Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所/河北省作物遗传育种实验室,石家庄050035 [2]张家口市农业科学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第30期41-50,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家特色油料产业技术体系“芝麻石家庄综合试验站”(CARS-14-2-01);河北省重点研发计划项目“芝麻、胡麻高产优质抗逆新品种选育及轻简化栽培技术研究”(19226349D)。

摘　　要：为了进一步明确播期对胡麻产量、品质和农艺性状的影响,本研究选用5个胡麻品种,设置4个播期,调查了产量、品质和农艺性状相关的15个性状。结果表明:(1)随着播期的推迟,5个胡麻品种的单产显著减少,籽粒的营养物质主要表现为减少趋势,其中棕榈酸含量能够保持稳定或略有增加;(2)‘坝选十六’和‘选三’的单产在4个播期均高于其他品种,其中‘坝选十六’的单产最高,而且含有丰富的亚麻酸、亚油酸、蛋白质、木酚素等营养物质,含油率较高,为供试品种中的最佳品种。本研究进一步量化了播期对胡麻产量、品质和农艺性状的影响,早播有利于获得高产、增强品质,并且筛选出‘坝选十六’为最佳品种,为胡麻生产的良种良法配套提供理论依据。To further clarify the effects of sowing date on yield,quality and agronomic characters of flax(Linum usitatissimum L.),5 flax varieties were selected and 4 sowing dates were set to investigate 15 characters related to yield,quality and agronomy.The results showed that:(1)with the delay of the sowing date,the yield per unit area of the 5 flax varieties decreased significantly,and the nutrients in grains also decreased,except that the content of palmitic acid remained stable or increased slightly;(2)the yield per unit area of‘Baxuan 16’and‘Xuan 3’was higher than that of other varieties at the 4 sowing dates,among them,‘Baxuan 16’had the highest yield per unit area and was rich in linolenic acid,linoleic acid,protein,lignans,etc.,with high oil content,and it was the best one among the tested varieties.This study further quantified the effects of sowing date on flax yield,quality and agronomic characters.Early sowing was conducive to obtaining high yield and high quality,and‘Baxuan 16’was selected as the best variety.The study can provide a theoretical basis for matching good varieties and practices in flax production.

关 键 词：胡麻 播期 产量 品质 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]