海南岛工程性缺水限制性评价  

Restrictive Assessment of Engineering Water Shortage in Hainan Island

作　　者：杨波[1] 王文[1] 秦大军 刘容辰[1] YANG Bo;WANG Wen;QIN Da-jun;LIU Rong-chen(Zhaimingguo Academician Work Station,Sanya University,Sanya 572022,Hainnan Province,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Academy of Science,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚学院翟明国院士工作站,海南三亚572022 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第12期121-127,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(2019RC256)。

摘　　要：工程性缺水是水资源短缺的主要类型之一,为解决工程性缺水地区水资源短缺评价方法的不足,以及评价体系中存在的指标不健全和适应性问题,引入基于GIS数据的工程供水先天条件指标和分级标准数据分析矩阵,采用改进的TOPSIS模型,对海南岛本岛17个市县进行了工程性缺水限制性评价,同时构建障碍度模型进行工程性缺水的限制因子分析。结果表明,海南本岛大部分市县工程性缺水评价等级不高,文昌、定安、屯昌、澄迈、临高和昌江等约1/3的市县贴进度评级为“较差(Ⅱ)”等级,其存在着较明显的工程性缺水问题。障碍度模型分析表明,障碍度最低的为产水模数,表明海南全岛水资源的支撑能力较强,障碍度排名靠前的因子主要有河流坡降、万元GDP用水量、单位面积耕地灌溉用水量、万元工业增加值用水量和河网密度,表明工程供水能力相对较弱,水资源需求压力较大。进一步的空间差异分析表明,海南岛中部和南部市县的河流坡降障碍度最高,工程性取水难度较大,评价等级为“较差”的市县主要限制因子体现在万元GDP用水量、万元工业增加值用水量、单位面积耕地灌溉用水量等用水效率指标上。研究构建的工程性缺水限制性评价方法和指标体系,可为工程性缺水地区水资源短缺评价方法提供补充,障碍度模型可为解决工程性缺水问题提供参考途径。Engineering water shortage is one of the main types of water shortage.In order to solve the shortage of evaluation methods of water shortage in engineering water shortage areas,as well as the problems of imperfect indicators and adaptability in the evaluation system,the index of congenital conditions of engineering water supply based on GIS data and classification standard data analysis matrix are introduced,improved TOPSIS models are used to evaluate the engineering water shortage limitation on Hainan Island.At the same time,the obstacle degree model is constructed to analyze limiting factors.The results show that there is a weak evaluation grade in most cities and counties of Hainan Island,especially 1/3 of cities and counties such as Wenchang,Ding’an,Tunchang,Chengmai,Lingao and Changjiang are rated as“poor(II).”The analysis of obstacle degree model indicates that the lowest obstacle degree is the water production modulus,which means the supporting capacity of water resources in Hainan Island is strong.The top factors of obstacle degree mainly include river slope,water consumption per 10000 yuan of GDP,irrigation water usage per unit area of cultivated land,water consumption per 10000 yuan of industrial value-added and river network density.Further spatial difference analysis shows that the cities and counties in the middle and south of Hainan Island have the highest obstacle degree of river slope and great difficulty in engineering water intake.The main limiting factors of cities and counties with“poor”evaluation grade are water consumption efficiency indicators such as water consumption of 10000 yuan GDP,water consumption of 10000 yuan industrial value-added and irrigation water usage per unit area of cultivated land.The restrictive evaluation method and index system of engineering water shortage studied and constructed can provide a supplement to the evaluation method of water resources shortage in engineering water shortage areas,and the obstacle degree model can provide a reference to solve the

关 键 词：水资源 工程性缺水 限制因子 海南岛 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]