基于开机过程的水电机组机械振动状态评估方法  

Research on Mechanical Vibration State Evaluation Method of Hydropower Unit Based on Startup Process

作　　者：王卫玉 姚小彦 肖启志 何葵东 覃杰 WANG Wei-yu;YAO Xiao-yan;XIAO Qi-zhi;HE Kui-dong;QIN Jie(Wuling Power Corporation Ltd.,Changsha 410004,Hunan Province,China;Hydropower Industry Innovation Center of State Power Investment Corporation Limited,Changsha 410004,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]五凌电力有限公司,湖南长沙410004 [2]国家电力投资集团水电产业创新中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第12期173-179,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家电力投资集团统筹科研项目“水轮发电机组关键部件故障诊断研究”(TC2020SD01)。

摘　　要：水电机组机械振动状态是其稳定性重要体现,开展基于开机动态过程的水电机组机械振动状态评估十分重要。首先针对开机过程转速快速动态变化的特点,提出了基于硬件阶次跟踪与阶次分析的变转速动态信号幅频特征提取方法,构建了振动峰峰值趋势及特征频率幅值趋势两种机械振动状态样本;其次,引入数据挖掘中距离度量方法,构建了基于单元峰峰值及多元特征频率能量占比变化趋势的机械振动状态评估关键性能指标。对某水电站机组大修后数据进行验证分析,结果表明该方法可以有效地跟踪监测评估机组机械振动状态变化趋势,并可在其开机早期发现可能存在的安全隐患,为机组的安全稳定运行提供指导。The mechanical vibration state of hydropower unit is an important embodiment of its stability.It is of great significance to carry out mechanical vibration state evaluation of hydropower units based on the start-up dynamic process.Firstly,according to the characteristics of rapid dynamic change of speed during startup,an amplitude frequency feature extraction method of variable speed dynamic signal based on hardware order tracking and order analysis is proposed,and two mechanical vibration state samples of vibration peak and peak trend and characteristic frequency amplitude trend are constructed.Secondly,the distance measurement method in data mining is introduced to construct the key performance index of mechanical vibration state evaluation based on the change trend of the unit peak value and multivariate characteristic frequency energy ratio.The data of a hydropower station unit after overhaul are verified and analyzed.The results show that this method can effectively track,monitor and evaluate the change trend of mechanical vibration state of the unit,find the possible safety hazards in the early stage of startup,and serve as a guide to the safe and stable operation of the unit.

关 键 词：水电机组 开机过程 机械振动 状态评估 

分 类 号：TK730[交通运输工程—轮机工程]