一种新型复配药剂2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺对松材线虫毒力药效  

Toxicity of a New Compound Medicament 2%Avermectin·6%Fluopyram on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

作　　者：倪安顺 王永春 杨丹 孙学书 叶建仁 Ni Anshun;Wang yongchun;Yang Dan;Sun Xueshu;Ye Jianren(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037;Hangzhou Yisenjian Biotechnology Co.,Ltd,Hangzhou 311100)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林学院,南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京210037 [2]杭州益森键生物科技有限公司,杭州311100

出　　处：《林业科学》2022年第8期18-25,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“松材线虫病灾变机制与可持续防控技术研究”(2021YFD1400903);国家林业和草原局“揭榜技帅”项目“松材线虫病早期检测技术及产品”(ZD202001-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新型复配药剂2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺在防治松材线虫病方面的潜力,旨在探索一种可能替代阿维菌素和甲维盐的新药剂新配方。【方法】将复配药剂2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺与5%阿维菌素和5%氟吡菌酰胺进行毒力药效对比。通过浸虫法进行室内杀线效果试验,分析3种药剂对松材线虫的致死效果。分别用3种药剂LC_(20)(亚致死浓度)的药量均匀喷雾在灰葡萄孢上,观察在不同药剂处理下松材线虫在灰葡萄孢上的取食情况及松材线虫生长繁殖数量,计算亚致死浓度下松材线虫的繁殖速率。收集松材线虫卵于皿底,加入不同浓度药剂于培养皿,24 h后观察卵孵化情况,计算卵孵化率,并用蔡司荧光显微镜观察卵形态。将松材线虫与药剂混合置于梯度温度培养箱,分析不同温度条件下复配药剂2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺对松材线虫杀线效果。【结果】1)3种药剂处理松材线虫24 h后,2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺、5%阿维菌素、5%氟吡菌酰胺的LC_(50)(致死中浓度)分别为2.0208、51.1536和21.6071 mg·L^(-1),LC_(20)分别为0.4479、12.0318和8.5582 mg·L^(-1),杀线效果2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺>5%氟吡菌酰胺>5%阿维菌素。2)3种药剂LC_(20)浓度喷雾处理6天后,2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺和5%氟吡菌酰胺处理组松材线虫量仅有(1425±250)、(1675±377)头,远低于5%阿维菌素处理组(10925±504)头和对照组(>20000)。3)卵孵化率试验表明,3种药剂均能显著抑制松材线虫卵的孵化,且随着药剂浓度的升高,松材线虫卵孵化率下降,24 h后,在浓度3 mg·L^(-1)时,对卵孵化抑制效果2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺>5%阿维菌素>5%氟吡菌酰胺,孵化率分别为20.32%、21.36%、22.89%;2%阿维菌素·6%氟吡菌酰胺在浓度10 mg·L^(-1)处理24 h后,松材线虫卵内产生液泡,卵死亡。4)在温度梯度试验中,15~35℃条件范围内,每增加5℃,复配药剂2%阿维菌素·6%氟�【Objective】Injecting agents into pine trees is an effective measure to prevent pine wilt disease.Avermectin and emamectin benzoate are the two most widely used trunk injection drugs at present.However,if these two drugs are used for a long time,it is bound to lead to drug resistance of pine wood nematode.At the same time,there is also a need for more efficient,convenient and lasting new agents in production.This paper aims to explore the potency of a new compound medicament of 2%avermectin and 6%·fluopyram in prevention and treatment of pine wilt disease,in order to find an alternative trunk injection in place of avermectin and emamectin benzoate.【Method】The toxicity of a new compound agent of 2%avermectin·6%fluopyram was compared with 5%avermectin and 5%fluopyram.An indoor nematicidal experiment was conducted through the nematode immersion method to analyze the lethal effect of the three agents on pine wood nematode.The three agents were evenly sprayed with three agents in the LC_(20)concentration on a Petri dish containing Botrytis cinerea,the feeding conditions of pine wood nematodes on B.cinerea were observed,the number of pine wood nematodes was counted,and the reproductive rate(Pf/Pi)under LC_(20)concentration was calculated.The eggs at the bottom of the Petri dish were collected,and different concentrations of agents were added to the Petri dish.After 24 h,the eggs hatching was observed,the egg hatching rate was calculated,and the morphology of eggs was observed with Zeiss fluorescence microscope.Pine wood nematode was mixed with the agent and placed in a temperature gradient incubator,and the nematicidal activity of 2% avermectin and 6%fluopyram on pine wood nematode under different temperature conditions was analyzed.【Result】The results showed that after the pine wood nematode was treated with three agents for 24 hours,the LC_(50)values of 2% avermectin and 6%·fluopyram,avermectin 5%,and fluopyram 5%were 2.0208,51.1536,and 21.6071 mg·L^(-1),respectively,and the LC_(20)values were 0.4479,1

关 键 词：松材线虫病 氟吡菌酰胺 阿维菌素 亚致死浓度 致死中浓度 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]