GBAS与ILS联合导航系统数据融合方法与验证  

Data Fusion Method of GBAS and ILS Joint Navigation System

作　　者：倪育德 张振楠 刘瑞华 秦哲[2] 王凯 于颖丽 NI Yude;ZHANG Zhennan;LIU Ruihua;QIN Zhe;WANG Kai;YU Yingli(College of Electronic Information and Automation,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学电子信息与自动化学院,天津300300 [2]中国民航大学中欧航空工程师学院,天津300300

出　　处：《信号处理》2022年第11期2385-2399,共15页Journal of Signal Processing

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(ZXH2011C013);国家重点研发项目(2016YFB0502402)。

摘　　要：电离层延迟和多径干扰分别是陆基增强系统(ground-based augmentation systems,GBAS)和仪表着陆系统(instrument landing systems,ILS)的主要干扰源。在实现GBAS与ILS时间对准和空间对准的基础上,分析了电离层风暴对GBAS以及多径干扰对ILS的影响;通过深入解析从模拟飞行软件X-Plane采集的多次进近着陆飞行数据,建立了飞机精密进近着陆阶段的运动模型;引入了一种基于改进的Sage-Husa自适应滤波和方差估计学习算法的GBAS与ILS数据融合方法;基于X-Plane及自行开发的数据采集模块构建了实验验证系统,并针对GBAS不受电离层风暴的影响、ILS受弱多径效应影响,GBAS受电离层风暴的影响、ILS受弱多径效应影响,以及GBAS不受电离层风暴的影响、ILS受多径效应影响三种情况展开仿真实验。实验结果表明,改进的Sage-Husa算法能有效抑制电离层风暴对GBAS的影响以及多径对ILS的干扰,使GBAS与ILS联合后的导航系统在相应干扰条件下,能为飞机提供满足I类精密进近精度要求的水平和垂直引导,有效提高精密进近运行的生存能力。Ionospheric delay and multipath interference are the main sources of interference for Ground-Based Augmenta⁃tion Systems(GBAS)and Instrument Landing Systems(ILS),respectively.On the basis of realizing the time and space alignment of the GBAS and the ILS,the impact of ionospheric storms on GBAS and multipath interference on ILS were ana⁃lyzed.The motion model of the aircraft precision approach and landing stage was established by deeply analyzing a number of approach and landing flight data collected from the flight simulation software X-Plane.A data fusion method of GBAS and ILS based on improved Sage-Husa adaptive filtering and learning algorithm for variance estimation was introduced.The experimental verification system was built based on the X-Plane and self-developed data acquisition module,and the simulation experiment was carried out in three conditions,which were the GBAS was not affected by ionospheric storm while the ILS was affected by weak multipath interference,the GBAS was affected by ionospheric storm while the ILS was affected by weak multipath interference,and the GBAS was not affected by ionospheric storm while the ILS was affected by multipath interference.The experimental results show that the improved Sage-Husa algorithm can effectively suppress the influence of ionospheric storm on GBAS and the interference of multipath effect on ILS,so that the navigation system com⁃bined with GBAS and ILS can provide horizontal and vertical guidance for aircraft to meet the requirements of category I precision approach accuracy under the corresponding interference conditions,and the survivability of precision approach operation is effectively enhanced.

关 键 词：数据融合 陆基增强系统 仪表着陆系统 电离层风暴 多径干扰 

分 类 号：V249.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]