久坐行为及运动水平对大学生跟骨骨密度的影响研究  

Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Calcaneal Bone Mineral Density among College Students

作　　者：李仕田 吕晓港 朱晓祺 王嘉烨 卢晓翠 LI Shitian;LYU Xiaogang;ZHU Xiaoqi;WANG Jiaye;LU Xiaocui(School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广东省广州市510515

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2023年第6期725-733,共9页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：南方医科大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201812121226)。

摘　　要：背景目前国内鲜有文章探讨久坐行为及运动水平对人群骨密度(BMD)的影响。外文文献中针对亚裔人群的相关研究目前较少,且研究对象主要为低龄儿童。鉴于国外人群在遗传、饮食习惯等多方面与我国人群存在较大差别,有必要开展相关研究。目的分析大学生久坐行为及运动水平对跟骨BMD的影响,为了解大学生的骨骼健康状况和预防中老年骨质疏松症的发生提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群抽样设计,于2021年1月至2022年3月选取南方医科大学不同年级大学生781名为研究对象,其中女生518名、男生263名,年龄为19~25岁。收集大学生一般资料和体格检查资料(性别、年龄、身高、体质量、脂肪体质量指数和去脂体质量指数)及生活方式信息(日坐姿时长,周运动时长,乳制品、碳酸饮料、茶水的摄入频率,钙剂补充情况,吸烟情况,饮酒情况),并测定跟骨BMD,然后对不同体格和生活方式的大学生的跟骨BMD进行比较。采用多元线性回归分析探讨大学生久坐行为、运动水平与跟骨BMD的关系;采用二分类Logistic回归分析探讨大学生久坐行为、运动水平对跟骨BMD的影响。结果781名大学生中,BMD正常率为50.3%(393/781),BMD异常率为49.7%(388/781);其中女大学生BMD异常率(59.5%)高于男大学生BMD异常率(30.4%)(χ^(2)=58.849,P<0.001)。女大学生不同日坐姿时长、周运动时长BMD异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.670、6.559,P<0.05)。在控制潜在混杂因素后,多元线性回归分析和趋势性检验结果显示,女大学生跟骨BMD(T值)随着每日保持坐姿时间的减少而增大,二者之间存在线性关系,且女大学生日坐姿时长与跟骨BMD呈负相关(β=-0.17,P趋势=0.011);女大学生的跟骨T值随着每周运动时长的增加而增大,二者之间存在线性关系,且女大学生周运动时长与跟骨BMD呈正相关(β=0.15,P趋势=0.004)。在控制潜在混杂因素后,二分类Background The association of sedentary behavior and physical activity with bone mineral density(BMD)in Chinese population has been rarely studied in China,and also seldom studied in Asian populations(mainly limited in young children)by foreign countries.Considering there are great discrepancies between foreign populations and Chinese populations in genetics,dietary habits and other aspects,it is necessary to carry out relevant research in China.Objective To assess the association of sedentary behavior and physical activity with calcaneal BMD in college students,offering a reference for understanding the bone health status of college students,and for preventing osteoporosis in middle-aged and old people.Methods By use of stratified cluster sampling,781 college students aged 19-25 years(including 518 females and 263 males)of different grades were selected from a medical university in Guangzhou from January 2021 to March 2022.Demographic and anthropometric characteristics(including sex,age,height,weight,fat mass index and fat free mass index)and lifestyle information(including daily sedentary time,time spent on physical activity in one week,frequency of dairy products,carbonated drinks and tea consumption,calcium supplement,smoking status,alcohol use status)were collected.Calcaneal BMD was measured,and compared across college students by physique and lifestyle.Multiple linear regression and binary Logistic regression were used to investigate the association of sedentary behaviors and physical activity with calcaneal BMD.Results The prevalence of normal and abnormal calcaneal BMD in all students was 50.3%and 49.7%,respectively.The prevalence of abnormal calcaneal BMD in female college students(59.4%)is higher than that in male college students(30.4%)(χ^(2)=58.849,P<0.001).The prevalence of abnormal calcaneal BMD varied by daily sedentary time and time spent on physical activity in one week in female students(χ^(2)=6.670,6.559,P<0.05).After controlling for potential confounders,multiple linear regression analysis a

关 键 词：骨密度 跟骨 骨质疏松 久坐行为 运动水平 大学生 影响因素分析 趋势性检验 

分 类 号：R336[医药卫生—人体生理学]