油田采油废水处理过程中溴代硅氧烷的生成及其在周边水环境中的归趋  

Bromo-methylsiloxanes generated during oil-production wastewater treatment in oilfield and their fates in surrounding aqueous systems

作　　者：张洁[1,2] 项小玲 蔡亚岐 徐琳[1] ZHANG Jie;XIANG Xiaoling;CAI Yaqi;XU Lin(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistence Toxic Substances,Institute of Environment and Health,Jianghan University,Wuhan,430056,China;School of Environment,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,UCAS,Hangzhou,330106,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]江汉大学环境与健康研究院,武汉430056 [4]中国科学院大学杭州高等研究院,杭州330106

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第11期3473-3481,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22036007,21876189);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2018059)资助。

摘　　要：2019—2020年之间,在油田采油废水处理站采集并分析了废水、剩余污泥和剩余残油样品,在电氧化过程中发现了环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷(cVMS)的溴化行为,八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)、十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)和十二甲基环六硅氧烷(D6)的单溴化比例分别为0.11%—0.15%,0.05%—0.07%和0.11%—0.16%.在采油废水处理站的污水处理流程中,大部分溴代甲基硅氧烷Br-cVMS(90.8%—98.5%)最终会通过吸附到剩余污泥和残油中而被去除.2014—2020年之间,在采油废水处理站周边的湖泊采集并分析了水和沉积物,在沉积物中检测到溴代甲基硅氧烷,Br-cVMS[D3D(CH_(2)Br)、D4D(CH_(2)Br)和D5D(CH_(2)Br)]的浓度范围为<LOQ—131 ng·g^(−1)dw(干重),发现沉积物中溴代甲基硅氧烷表现出明显的增长趋势(每年21%—25%).Br-cVMS在沉积物中表现出更强的环境持久性表明其环境排放、分布和风险值得进一步关注.Wastewater,excess sludge,and residual oil were collected and detected from oilwastewater treatment stations of Oilfield during Year 2019—2020.Bromination of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes(cVMS)were found during electro-oxidation process,with mono-brominated proportions ranging from 0.11%—0.15%for octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane(D4),0.05%—0.07%for decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5),and 0.11%—0.16%for dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane(D6).In the subsequent sewage treatment process,most Br-cVMS(90.8%—98.5%)will be removed by adsorption into residual sludge and residual oil.Furthermore,mono-brominated products of cVMS,i.e.,D3D(CH_(2)Br),D4D(CH_(2)Br)and D5D(CH_(2)Br),were also detected[<LOQ—131 ng·g−1 dw(dry weight)]in sediment samples from lakes near the oil-wastewater treatment stations during Year 2014—2020,and have apparent increasing trend(21%—25%per annum).Their stronger persistence in sediment suggested that environmental emission,distribution,and risks of Br—cVMS deserve further attention.

关 键 词：甲基硅氧烷 油田 溴代硅氧烷 沉积物. 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]