经颅直流电刺激对肘关节等动运动中力量输出、肌肉活性的影响  

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on force output and muscle activity of elbow joint during isokinetic performance

作　　者：高扬 宋林杰 李路[1] 傅维杰[1] 黄灵燕[1] GAO Yang;SONG Linjie;LI Lu;FU Weijie;HUANG Lingyan(Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education,Shanghai University of Sport,200438 Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院“运动健身科技”省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海200438

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2022年第5期997-1006,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：“运动健身科技”教育部重点实验室2022开放课题资助项目(No.2022KF0006);国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项资助项目(No.2018YFF0300501);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(No.11932013)。

摘　　要：探究经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)对肘关节等动运动中力量输出、肌肉活性、皮层兴奋性的影响。选取16名健康男性大学生按照随机、双盲、交叉的实验设计,分别接受阳极、阴极和假刺激,电流大小2 mA,持续时间20 min。通过双因素重复测量方差分析(时间×刺激模式)比较不同条件下肘关节等动运动中屈伸肌群肌肉力量输出、肌肉活性以及皮层兴奋性的差异。结果表明:①力量输出:高速180°/s下,肘关节屈肌峰值功率、屈伸总做功在阳极刺激后保持不变,阴极与假刺激后均显著减小(P<0.05);②肌肉活性:3种刺激模式均未对屈伸动作时的主动肌和拮抗肌激活水平产生显著影响,组间和组内均无统计学意义;③皮层兴奋性:阳极刺激后运动诱发电位(MEP)振幅显著增大(P<0.05),阴极刺激后显著降低(P<0.05),而假刺激前后无统计学意义。阳极tDCS不能提高健康年轻男性肘关节肌肉力量,但对增强肌肉抗疲劳能力,维持高强度做功能力具有积极影响。研究提示,这种神经调控技术可作为一种新型运动训练辅助装备,用于需要保持上肢高功率输出的项目。To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)on strength output,muscle activity,and cortical excitability during maximum-intensity elbow isokinetic movements.Sixteen healthy male college students were selected to receive anodal,cathodal or sham stimulation randomly in this double-blind,crossover study.The stimulation lasted 20 min at a current intensity of 2.0 mA.Two-way(time×stimulation modes)ANOVA with repeated measures was used to analyze the differences in power output,muscle activity,and cortical excitability of elbow flexor and extensor during isokinetic elbow joint movements under different conditions.Results:①Strength output:At a high speed of 180°/s,the peak power of elbow flexion and total work of elbow flexion and extension decreased significantly after both cathodal and sham stimulation(P<0.05),but were not found after anodal stimulation.②Muscle activity:None of the three stimulation modes significantly affected the activation levels of agonist and antagonist muscles,and there was no significant difference between and within groups.③Cortical excitability:The motor evoked potential(MEP)amplitude increased significantly(P<0.05)after anodal stimulation and decreased significantly after cathodal stimulation(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference after sham stimulation.The application of anodal tDCS could not improve the elbow muscle strength of healthy young men,but had a positive effect in enhancing anti-fatigue ability of elbow muscles and maintaining high-intensity work capacity.It was suggested that this neuromodulation technology can be used as a new type of sports training auxiliary equipment for events that need to maintain high power output of upper limbs.

关 键 词：经颅直流电刺激 肌肉力量 肌肉活性 皮层兴奋性 

分 类 号：G842[文化科学—体育训练]