基于CMT的电弧增材制造Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo钛合金螺旋桨成形机理及组织性能  

Forming Mechanism,Microstructure and Properties of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Titanium Propeller Deposited by CMT Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：张帅锋 魏正英[1] 廖志谦[2] 吕逸帆[2] 蒋鹏[2] 张文豪 Zhang Shuaifeng;Wei Zhengying;Liao Zhiqian;Lv Yifan;Jiang Peng;Zhang Wenhao(State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2022年第10期3876-3883,共8页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2800500);郑洛新自创区专项(201200211400)。

摘　　要：通过对基于冷金属过渡(CMT)的电弧增材制造成形过程中电弧形态、电流电压同步信号和熔池形貌的同步检测分析,研究了电弧不同阶段的熔滴过渡形式和熔池金属的受力状态,探明了悬垂结构成形过程中的熔池金属的受力机制,实现了钛合金螺旋桨的成形,并分析了成形后的组织性能。研究结果表明,通过对CMT电弧热输入和电弧力的精细控制,能够在无支撑条件下实现钛合金螺旋桨叶片的快速成形,同时获得良好的力学性能。在本研究条件下,钛合金CMT电弧增材制造过程中熔滴过渡主要以短路过渡的形式进行,降低基值和短路阶段的焊接电流能够增加悬垂结构倾角,且当I_(base)为50 A时,钛合金螺旋桨最大倾角达到53.26°。基于优化后的工艺制造的船用Ti6321钛合金内部组织致密且无贯穿式的粗大柱状晶,力学性能达到同级别锻件标准,水平方向和竖直方向的各向异性不明显。The forming process of wire and arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)based on the cold metal transfer(CMT)was studied.Through the monitoring of arc shape,current signal and molten pool shape,the characteristics of droplets in different stages of arc and the stress of molten pool metal were studied.Based on the study of the force on the molten pool metal during the formation of suspension structure,the propeller was made,and its microstructure and properties were investigated.The results indicate that the rapid prototyping of suspension structure and good mechanical properties can be obtained by the precise control of I_(base) and I_(base/Ipeak) during the CMT process.Under the conditions of this study,the short-circuit transfer is the main metal transfer form during CMT-WAAM of Ti6321 titanium alloy.When I_(base/Ipeak) is less than 0.2,the cantilever structure with large inclination can be obtained by reducing Ibase,and the maximum inclination angle of Ti6321 titanium propeller is 53.26°.The microstructure of Ti6321 alloy fabricated by the optimized process is dense,and no coarse columnar crystals penetrating multiple layers are found.The mechanical properties of AM are equivalent to the standard of forgings,and the anisotropy between horizontal and vertical is not obvious.

关 键 词：CMT 电弧形态 熔池 电弧力 钛合金螺旋桨 

分 类 号：TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]