深圳市4月龄-6岁儿童百日咳疫苗保护效果的配对病例对照研究  被引量:4

Effectiveness of pertussis vaccine among children 4 months to 6 years of age in Shenzhen city:a matched case-control study

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作  者:李文豪 邱春红[1] 彭远舟 谢旭[2] 程锦泉[2] 黄芳[2] 张艳炜[2] Li Wenhao;Qiu Chunhong;Peng Yuanzhou;Xie Xu;Cheng Jinquan;Huang Fang;Zhang Yanwei(Shenzhen Second People's Hospital,Shenzhen 518025,Guangdong,China;Shenzhen Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518033,Guangdong,China)

机构地区:[1]深圳市第二人民医院,广东深圳518025 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518033

出  处:《中国疫苗和免疫》2022年第5期525-528,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基  金:广东省医学科学技术研究基金(A2020168);国家“十三五”科技重大专项(2018ZX10715004);深圳市医学重点学科(SZXK064)。

摘  要:目的评价含无细胞百日咳成分疫苗(Acellular pertussis containing vaccine,aPV)预防4月龄-6岁儿童百日咳的保护效果(Vaccine effectiveness,VE)。方法采用1∶1匹配的病例对照研究,以深圳市2019年报告的4月龄-6岁百日咳病例作为病例组,选择居住社区、年龄和性别相同的健康儿童作为对照组,收集研究对象aPV免疫史,分析aPV预防百日咳的VE。结果本研究共纳入1038对病例和对照,aPV预防百日咳的总VE为90.75%(95%CI:86.78%-95.52%);1-2、3、4剂次aPV的VE分别为82.05%(95%CI:63.36%-91.21%)、87.12%(95%CI:80.27%-91.59%)、91.45%(95%CI:85.80%-94.86%);4剂次免疫后1-11、12-23、24-35、36-47和48-59月的VE分别为92.68%(95%CI:86.23%-96.11%)、88.64%(95%CI:80.48%-93.38%)、84.91%(95%CI:71.28%-92.07%)、81.58%(95%CI:62.25%-91.01%)和76.67%(95%CI:50.39%-89.03%)。结论aPV预防4月龄-6岁儿童百日咳具有较好的VE,VE随时间推移而降低。需加强适龄儿童aPV及时全程常规免疫,探讨儿童学龄前aPV加强免疫。Objective To evaluate vaccine effectiveness(VE)of acellular pertussis vaccine(aPV)against pertussis in children 4 months to 6 years of age.Methods We used a 1∶1 matched case-control study to select pertussis cases 4 months to 6 years old reported in Shenzhen in 2019 as a case group and healthy children from the same community matched on age and gender as a control group.We obtained aPV vaccination histories in both groups to determine the aPV VE.Results The study included 1038 pairs of cases and controls.The overall VE of aPV against pertussis was 90.75%(95%CI:86.78%-95.52%).VEs for 1-2,3,and 4 doses of aPV were 82.05%(95%CI:63.36%-91.21%),87.12%(95%CI:80.27%-91.59%),and 91.45%(95%CI:85.80%-94.86%),respectively.VEs 1-11,12-23,24-35,36-47,and 48-59 months after receipt of the 4aPV vaccine dose were 92.68%(95%CI:86.23%-96.11%),88.64%(95%CI:80.48%-93.38%),84.91%(95%CI:71.28%-92.07%),81.58%(95%CI:62.25%-91.01%),and 76.67%(95%CI:50.39%-89.03%).Conclusions The effectiveness of aPV against pertussis was high among children 4 months to 6 years of age,although effectiveness decreased over time.We suggest strengthening routine aPV immunization for age-eligible children and exploring booster doses for preschool children.

关 键 词:含无细胞百日咳成分疫苗 百日咳 保护效果 病例对照研究 儿童 

分 类 号:R516[医药卫生—内科学]

 

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