2021年广西壮族自治区北部1-59岁侗族人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查  

A hepatitis B sero-epidemiological survey of a 1-59-year-old Dong nationality population in northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2021

作　　者：杨进新 代典凤 姚群 梁义梅 张岚 石昌胜 陈丽娟 杜进发[2] Yang Jinxin;Dai Dianfeng;Yao Qun;Liang Yimei;Zhang Lan;Shi Changsheng;Chen Lijuan;Du Jinfa(Longsheng Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Longsheng 541799,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530028,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]龙胜各族自治县疾病预防控制中心,广西龙胜541799 [2]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2022年第5期544-549,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：中国肝炎防治基金会中国乙肝防控科研基金课题(YGFK20190032)。

摘　　要：目的了解2021年广西壮族自治区北部侗族人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)血清流行率。方法采取单纯随机抽样方法在龙胜县选取1-59岁侗族人群开展问卷调查,采集血标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)、乙肝核心抗体(Hepatitis B core antibody,HBcAb)、乙肝e抗原(Hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)和乙肝e抗体(Hepatitis B e antibody,HBeAb),分析血清标志物流行率。结果在1261名调查对象中,HBsAg、HBsAb、HBcAb、HBeAg、HBeAb阳性率分别为6.11%、48.45%、15.86%、0.71%、15.31%。1-4岁、5-14岁、15-29岁、30-59岁人群HBsAg阳性率为分别为0.00%、0.00%、7.36%、7.99%(趋势χ^(2)=109.38,P<0.001);有、无、不详乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)免疫史人群HBsAg阳性率分别为0.31%、7.87%、8.18%(χ^(2)=25.14,P<0.001)。结论广西北部2021年1-59岁侗族人群HBV血清流行率总体处于中度水平,实施HepB免疫规划对控制儿童HBV感染取得显著效果。应继续做好新生儿HepB常规免疫,探索成人HepB免疫策略。Objective To explore the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV)among a Dong nationality population in Longsheng county of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods We used a stratified cluster random sampling method to recruit individuals of Dong nationality 1-59 years old in Longsheng county for a questionnaire-based survey and serum sample collection.We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to test sera for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B surface antibody(HbsAb),hepatitis B core antibody(HBcAb),hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg),and hepatitis B e antibody(HBeAb).We determined seroprevalences of the five serum markers.Results Among the 1261 subjects,positivity rates of HBsAg,HBsAb,HBcAb,HBeAg,and HBeAb were 6.11%,48.45%,15.86%,0.71%,and 15.31%,respectively.Positivity rates of HBsAg for 1-4-,5-14-,15-29-,and 30-59-year-olds were 0.00%,0.00%,7.36%,and 7.99%(trend χ^(2)=109.38,P<0.001).HBsAg positivity rates among subjects who had received hepatitis B vaccine(HepB),who had not received HepB,and whose vaccination histories were unknown were 0.31%,7.87%,and 8.18%(χ^(2)=25.14,P<0.001).Conclusions The overall HBV seroprevalence among 1-59-year-old Dong nationality people of northern Guangxi was at a medium level.HBV infection in children is being effectively controlled due to introduction of HepB into the Expanded Program on Immunization.We should continue infant HepB routine vaccination and explore adult vaccination strategies.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 乙型肝炎病毒 血清标志物 血清流行率 乙型肝炎疫苗 预防接种 侗族人群 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]