2020年中国3-14岁儿童甲型肝炎疫苗接种率调查  

A hepatitis A vaccination coverage survey among 3-14-year-old children in China in 2020

作　　者：缪宁[1] 王富珍[1] 郑徽[1] 尹遵栋[1] 张国民[1] Miao Ning;Wang Fuzhen;Zheng Hui;Yin Zundong;Zhang Guomin(National Immunization Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2022年第5期581-585,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：中国CDC公共卫生应急反应机制的运行(131031001000150001)。

摘　　要：目的分析中国3-14岁儿童甲型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis A vaccine,HepA)接种率。方法通过2020年中国病毒性肝炎血清学调查,收集3-14岁儿童HepA包括甲肝减毒活疫苗(Hepatitis A attenuated live vaccine,HepA-L)和甲肝灭活疫苗(Hepatitis A inactivated vaccine,HepA-I)接种史,分析第1剂HepA(HepA,HepA-L或HepA-I)接种率及其影响因素。结果调查对象HepA_(1)接种率为94.36%(16935/17948),其中3-6岁、7-10岁、11-14岁儿童分别为96.28%、96.04%、88.38%;在第1剂接种HepA-I儿童中第2剂HepA(HepA-I或HepA-L)接种比例为94.36%(2875/3047),其中3-6岁、7-10岁、11-14岁儿童分别为96.08%、95.93%、90.30%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,11-14岁儿童第1剂HepA接种率低于3-6岁儿童[OR(95%CI):0.30(0.26-0.35)],西部和东北地区儿童低于东部地区儿童[OR(95%CI):0.71(0.59-0.85)、0.58(0.46-0.74)]、在家出生儿童低于医院出生儿童[OR(95%CI):0.46(0.35-0.60)],农村地区儿童低于城市地区儿童[OR(95%CI):0.82(0.71-0.94)]。结论中国3-14岁儿童特别是低龄儿童HepA接种率保持较高水平;建议加强薄弱地区和儿童HepA查漏补种工作。Objective To assess coverage with hepatitis A vaccine(HepA)among 3-14-year-old children in China.Methods We obtained HepA vaccination histories with hepatitis A attenuated live vaccine(HepA-L)and hepatitis A inactivated vaccine(HepA-I)among 3-14-year-old children from the Serological Survey of Viral Hepatitis in China in 2020 to determine coverage of the first dose HepA(HepA,HepA-L or HepA-I)and identify its influencing factors.Results The HepAcoverage level was 94.36%(16935/17948),and coverage levels for 3-6-,7-10-,and 11-14-year-olds were 96.28%,96.04%,and 88.38%,respectively.Subjects who received the second dose HepA(HepA-I or HepA-L)accounted for 94.36%(2875/3047)of children who had received HepA-I as HepA,with 96.08%,95.93%,and 90.30% proportion among 3-6-,7-10-,and 11-14-year-olds,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HepA_(1) coverage was lower among 11-14-year-olds than among 3-6-year-olds[OR(95%CI):0.30(0.26-0.35)];was lower in western and northeastern regions than in eastern areas[OR(95%CI):0.71(0.59-0.85)and 0.58(0.46-0.74)];was lower among children born at home than among children born in hospitals[OR(95%CI):0.46(0.35-0.60)];and was lower in rural areas than in urban areas[OR(95%CI):0.82(0.71-0.94)].Conclusions Coverage of HepA was high among 3-14-year-old children,especially among young children,in China.We suggest implementing catch-up HepA vaccination for children who had missed opportunities for vaccination in weaker areas.

关 键 词：甲型肝炎疫苗 预防接种 接种率 影响因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]