加美核武装谈判探析(1957-1965)  

Analysis of Canada-US NuclearNegotiations(1957-1965)

作　　者：潘迎春[1] 王鹏 Pan Yingchun;Wang Peng

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2022年第11期3-11,共9页History Teaching

基　　金：武汉大学研究生出国(境)交流项目专项经费资助。

摘　　要：20世纪五六十年代,加美两国的军事一体化进程不断加深。核武装谈判作为推进军事一体化的重要一环,起初拘泥于“联合控制权”这一非原则性问题而停滞不前,后来因加拿大政府逐步转向“非战时不核武装”的拖延立场而陷于一种僵局状态。古巴导弹危机的爆发使美方逐渐改变了对加拿大政局的取舍,加美核武装谈判也逐步变为核武装争端。原本持反核态度的自由党党首皮尔逊为了争取美方支持以及政治主动权转向了拥核立场。在迪芬贝克政府黯然下台后,皮尔逊当选并最终推动了加拿大军队核武装的完成。这次加美核武装争端是冷战时期加美两国军事一体化进程中少有的摩擦分歧事件,加拿大民族主义在其中发挥了重要作用,虽然加拿大进行了一定的抗争,由于其政策空间狭窄,最终仍无奈妥协于美方的军事外交政策。In the 1950s and 1960s, the military integration of Canada and the United States deepened. As an important part of the military integration, the nuclear forces negotiations initially stalled only on the non-principled issue of“joint control”, and later fell to a stalemate as the Canadian government gradually turned to the delayed stance of “non-wartime un-nuclear weapons”. The outbreak of the Cuban missile crisis has made the US side gradually change its political choice with Canada, and the Canadian-US nuclear armed negotiations have gradually turned into nuclear armed disputes.Meanwhile, Pearson, the leader of the Liberal Party, who was originally holding an anti-nuclear attitude, turned to a nuclear position to win the US support and political initiative.After the criticized Diefenbaker government stepped down, and Pearson was elected and finally completed the nuclear armament process of the Canadian military. The Canadian-American nuclear armed dispute was a rare case of friction and disagreement of Canada-American military integration during the Cold War. Canadian nationalism has played an important role in it. Although Canada has fought somewhat, it can only reluctantly compromise with its US military and foreign policy due to its narrow policy space.

关 键 词：加拿大 美国 核武装谈判 迪芬贝克 皮尔逊 

分 类 号：K153[历史地理—历史学]