为民保护--侗族木构建筑遗产实用保护技术刍议  

Conservation for Villagers:An Initiative of Practical Conservation Technology for Dong Minority Timber Architectural Heritage

作　　者：王诗若 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑与文化》2022年第12期199-202,共4页Architecture & Culture

基　　金：中国-葡萄牙文化遗产保护科学“一带一路”联合实验室建设与联合研究(项目编号:2021YFE0200100);中国博士后科学基金(项目编号:2021M692352)。

摘　　要：建筑本体与使用者之间的活跃连接关系是侗族木构建筑作为活态遗产的重要特征。因此,该相互关系是侗族木构建筑遗产保护的重要切入点:为建筑的使用者——当地村民在日常生产、生活中提供一套易操作、易普及、低技术、低成本的方法体系,实际参与到建筑遗产的保护和维护工作中显得尤为重要。文章针对侗族木构建筑所面临的三大隐患:火灾、生物侵蚀以及结构不稳定性展开讨论,并分析火灾成因及危害;各类害虫与微生物特性及破坏机制;常见结构破损类型及其病理。最后,以当地村民介入保护的视角,针对上述隐患,建立一种协调性、及时性的实用保护技术体系。The active and vivid connection between the building and the users is the crucial characteristics of Dong minority timber buildings serving as the“live heritage”.Therefore,the connection is an important entry point for conservation of Dong minority timber architectural heritage:offering an operating system foremost for the users of the building,the local villagers to be simple,easy to implement,low-tech and economic,it plays an essential role to involve them to the conservation and maintenance of architectural heritage.This paper develops the three main damage factors of Dong minority timber heritage,fire accidentals,biological risks,and structural instabilities,analyzing the fire causes and damage extent;properties and damage mechanism of insects and microorganism;types and pathology of mechanical failures.At last,proposing a coordinated and prompt practical conservation technology system target to the aforementioned risks from the perspective of villagers.

关 键 词：侗族 木构建筑遗产 实用保护技术 破损 病理 

分 类 号：TU366.2[建筑科学—结构工程] TU-87[艺术—艺术设计]