街谷绿化消减机动车排放污染物的研究方法与进展  

Research methods and progress on the reduction effects of vehicle emission pollutants by street canyon greening

作　　者：肖乾坤 成雅田 李思韬[1] 林姚宇 程维金 吴昌广[1] XIAO Qian-kun;CHENG Ya-tian;LI Si-tao;LIN Yao-yu;CHENG Wei-jin;WU Chang-guang(College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Central China Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Architecture,Col-lege of Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;Wuhan Forestry Workstation,Wu-han 430023,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院/农业农村部华中都市农业重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)建筑学院,广东深圳518055 [3]武汉市林业工作站,武汉430023

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第11期3127-3136,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31670705,51308143);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662022YLYJ002);武汉市园林和林业局科技计划项目(WHGF2019A01)资助。

摘　　要：随着街道两侧建筑群向高密度、高层化发展,传统“树越多越好”的绿化模式在应对城市街谷空气污染时是否适用受到广泛关注。明晰街谷绿化植物特征及其种植设计模式对机动车排放污染物消减的调控机理是发挥其提升街谷空气品质的重要前提。本文通过对近年国内外相关文献的梳理,比较分析了现场观测、风洞试验和数值模拟3种研究方法的适用性及局限性,详细剖析了行道树、绿篱两类绿化模式对街谷空气污染物扩散与沉降的影响机制,提出了一套面向空气质量提升的街谷绿化适应性设计工作框架。最后,分别从典型街谷绿化设计图示语言研制、街谷空气污染暴露评估技术指南编制、计算机流体力学模型中街谷绿化效应物理过程参数化方案优化等方面进行探讨,以期为后续研究提供思路和借鉴。With the development of high-density and high-rise buildings on both sides of the street,widespread attention has been paid to the applicability of the traditional greening model of‘the more trees,the better atmospheric environment’in dealing with air pollution in urban street canyons.Clarifying the characteristics of street canyons greening and its planting design pattern on the reduction of emission pollutants by vehicles is an important prerequisite for the improvement of air quality in the street canyons.Based on literature review,we compared the applicability and limitations of the three methods,including field observation,wind tunnel test,and numerical simulation.We further analyzed the effects of roadside trees and hedges on the dispersion and deposition of air pollutants,and put forward a framework of adaptive greening design for air quality improvement.Finally,we proposed that future studies should address the creation of graphic languages for roadside greening design,the development of technical guidelines for evaluating the exposure of air pollution,and the optimization of parameterization schemes for the physical processes of greening effect in computational fluid dynamics models.Overall,our review could provide ideas and reference for the subsequent research.

关 键 词：街道峡谷 机动车尾气 行道树 绿篱 扩散 沉降 种植设计 

分 类 号：X734.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173