“海洋生态系统工程师”及其生态作用  

Research progress on the ecological roles of‘marine ecosystem engineers’

作　　者：安鑫龙[1] 顾继光[2] 黄凌风 郑梓瑶 李雪梅[1] AN Xin-long;GU Ji-guang;HUANG Ling-feng;ZHENG Zi-yao;LI Xue-mei(Ocean College,Hebei Agricultural University,Qinhuangdao 066003,Hebei,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;College of Envi-ronment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066003 [2]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广州510632 [3]厦门大学环境与生态学院,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第11期3159-3168,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1406306);河北农业大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2021KY17)资助。

摘　　要：“海洋生态系统工程师”是能够塑造栖息地并使其他海洋生物受益的海洋生物种类。海洋中的植物、动物和微生物中均存在为其他生物种类塑造栖息地的“海洋生态系统工程师”,它们的生态作用是其发挥生态功能的基础。本文基于国内外相关文献,系统阐述了“海洋生态系统工程师”生态作用的相关研究进展,并对今后的主要研究方向和内容提出建议。“海洋生态系统工程师”能够在特定的海洋环境中发挥积极作用,但一旦成为入侵种可能会对入侵海域产生负面影响;有些“海洋生态系统工程师”在发挥积极作用的同时也会在不同程度上带来负面影响。今后,应加强海洋生物床、海洋生物礁、海洋生物膜和复合生态系统工程等研究,有效利用“海洋生态系统工程师”的积极作用并防控其负面影响,实现对海洋的综合开发利用和保护。‘Marine ecosystem engineers’are marine species that can shape habitats and benefit other marine organisms,which are widely found in marine plants,animals and microorganisms.Their ecological roles are the basis of marine ecological functions.By analyzing the relevant literature,we systematically reviewed the research progress of the ecological roles of‘marine ecosystem engineers’,and proposed the main research direction and content in the future.In general,‘marine ecosystem engineers’play an active role in a particular marine environment.However,once they become invasive species,they may have negative impacts on the invasive sea area.In addition,some‘marine ecosystem engineers’can have both positive and negative impacts simultaneously.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen researches on the role of‘marine ecosystem engineers’in marine biological beds,marine biogenic reefs,marine biofilms and composite ecosystem engineering,effectively utilize their positive roles and prevent and control their negative impacts,so as to realize the comprehensive development,utilization and protection of the ocean.

关 键 词：海洋生态系统工程师 生态作用 积极作用 负面影响 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]