温度对稻绿蝽生长发育和繁殖的影响  

Effects of temperature on the development and fecundity of Nezara viridula(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae)

作　　者：胡夏雨 陈敏 施哲逸 周文武 祝增荣[1] HU Xia-Yu;CHEN Min;SHI Zhe-Yi;ZHOU Wen-Wu;ZHU Zeng-Rong(College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2022年第5期1077-1084,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：浙江省“三农六方”科技协作项目(CTZB-F190625LWZ-SNY1(1))。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同温度对稻绿蝽Nezara viridula(Linnaeus)生长发育和繁殖的影响,构建其在不同温度下的生命表,为稻绿蝽的监测和生态治理发展提供理论依据。【方法】将实验室饲养两代以上的稻绿蝽置于温度为18、20、23、26、28和30℃的培养箱中,观察稻绿蝽每日存活状态、交配和产卵等行为,并计算不同温度下稻绿蝽各龄期存活率、发育历期、有效积温及繁殖力相关参数。【结果】卵期、1-5龄期、产卵前期、若虫期和未成熟期的发育起始温度分别为13.17、13.88、14.13、14.15、10.15、10.96、16.37、10.53、11.24℃。在一定温度范围内,温度的升高会缩短稻绿蝽各阶段的历期。在28℃时,世代发育历期最短,为68.25 d;在20℃时,世代发育历期最长,为141.00 d。稻绿蝽在不同的温度下均有成虫羽化,但在18℃和30℃的温度下成虫的羽化率分别为1.18%和1.43%,显著低于其他温度的羽化率。23℃和26℃时,稻绿蝽分别有最高的交配频率和产卵频率。26℃时的内禀增长率最高为0.078。稻绿蝽在20℃发育到成虫的比例最高,在26℃繁殖率最高。26℃时雌虫平均产卵量最多,为172.3粒;28℃时的雌虫平均产卵量最小,为80粒。不同温度条件下成虫体色也有区别,在20℃时,全绿型体色占比最小,为30.86%;在28℃全绿型体色占比最大,为82.98%。【结论】温度升高会加速稻绿蝽的发育并缩短世代发育历期;稻绿蝽更适应在低温下生长发育,较高温下繁殖。[Objectives]To investigate the effects of different temperatures on the growth,development,and reproduction of the green stink bug Nezara viridula(Linnaeus)in order to provide a theoretical basis for the monitoring and ecological management of this pest.[Methods]Green stink bugs were reared for more than two generations before being placed in incubators set at different temperatures(18,20,23,26,28,30℃)to observe their daily survival,mating and oviposition rates.The survival rates,development duration,effective accumulated temperature,and fecundity,of each temperature treatment group were measured and compared.[Results]The threshold temperatures of the egg,1st instar,2nd instar,3rd instar,4th instar,5th instar,nymphs,pre-mature and pre-oviposition,stages were 13.17,13.88,14.13,14.15,10.15,10.96,16.37,10.53 and 11.24℃,respectively.Within a certain temperature range,an increase in temperature shortened the duration of each developmental stage.The duration of a single generation was shortest(68.25 d)at 28℃.The longest duration of a generation,141.00 d,was recorded at 20℃.Adults emerged at all temperatures,but emergence rates at 18℃and 30℃(1.18%and 1.43%,respectively)were significantly lower than at the other four temperatures.The highest mating and oviposition frequencies were recorded at 23℃and 26℃,respectively.The highest innate capacity for increase(0.078)was recorded at 26℃.The proportion of emerged adults was highest at 20℃,and the highest reproductive rate was recorded at 26℃.The highest average number of eggs laid per female(172.3)was recorded at 26℃,whereas the lowest(80)was recorded at 28℃.Temperature affected adult body color.The proportion of the all-green phenotype was lowest(30.86%)at 20℃and highest(82.98%)at 28℃.[Conclusion]Higher temperatures accelerate the development of the green stink bug and shorten its generation time.Low temperatures are more suitable for the growth of the green stink bug but higher temperatures are more suitable for its reproduction.

关 键 词：稻绿蝽 温度 发育速率 龄期死亡率 生命表 有效积温 

分 类 号：S433.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]