流感病毒载体疫苗的构建策略  

The Construction Strategy of Influenza A Virus Vector Vaccine

作　　者：王东红[1] 谭文杰[1] WANG Donghong;TAN Wenjie(Key Laboratory of Biosafety,National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center forDisease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,卫健委生物安全重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《病毒学报》2022年第6期1478-1487,共10页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目号:82041041),题目:自然感染和疫苗接种人群中的广谱保护性免疫应答规律;北京市科技计划课题任务(项目号:Z211100002521017),题目:变异毒株生产用疫苗株筛选及有效成分检测方法研究。

摘　　要：流感病毒载体疫苗即将外源基因插入流感病毒的基因组中,通过流感病毒反向遗传学方法拯救重组病毒,表达相应蛋白并诱导特异性免疫应答。目前在研的以流感病毒为载体疫苗包括新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2),西尼罗病毒,艾滋病毒,呼吸道合胞病毒等。外源基因主要插入到流感病毒的血凝素和神经氨酸酶,及非结构蛋白中,通过反向遗传学拯救重组病毒表达外源蛋白并在免疫动物体内产生针对流感病毒和外源蛋白的体液免疫,细胞免疫及粘膜免疫。本文详细总结了在流感病毒不同基因节段中插入外源基因的构建策略及在动物体内引起的免疫应答特点及保护效果,为流感病毒载体重组疫苗的研发和应用提供参考。Influenza A virus(IAV)vectors expressing the foreign genes then modified and assembled so that it can stably integrated in the virus genome by reverse genetics technique.IAV-based recombinant vaccine expressing variety of different pathogens,including SARS-CoV-2,West Nile virus,Human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1),Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).the recombinant influenza virus expressing the exogenous genes mainly in the gene segment of HA,NA,NS.Recombinant influenza A viral(IAV)vectors are potential to stimulate systemic and mucosal immunity against influenza virus and foreign genes in vivo.This paper detailly summarized the construction strategy of exogenous genes cloned into different gene segments of influenza virus,which lay the foundation for preparation of recombinant influenza A virus vector vaccine.

关 键 词：流感病毒 病毒载体 反向遗传学 黏膜免疫 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]