福州市成年居民血脂异常流行特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among adult residents in Fuzhou city

作　　者：廖静岚 李红[1] 徐幽琼[1] 陆璐 LIAO Jing-lan;LI Hong;XU You-qiong;LU Lu(Fuzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Fuzhou,Fujian 350004,China)

机构地区：[1]福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2022年第5期409-413,共5页Applied Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解福州市城乡居民血脂异常流行特征及其影响因素,为血脂异常防控提供科学依据。方法2020年5~8月在福州市晋安区和闽清县开展调查,通过多阶段分层整群随机抽样,最终纳入3961名成年常住居民为调查对象,进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。利用χ2检验、趋势χ2检验和多因素logistic回归模型等进行统计分析。结果福州市成年居民血脂异常患病率为35.98%,标化患病率为31.92%,血脂异常类型以低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症和高甘油三酯血症为主。血脂异常患病率在地区、婚姻、年龄、教育程度、吸烟、睡眠时间、体育锻炼、是否超重、是否中心性肥胖、是否患高血压和是否患糖尿病间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示,居住在农村、年龄≥60岁、吸烟、超重、中心性肥胖、患高血压是血脂异常的危险因素;经常参加体育锻炼是血脂异常的保护因素(P值均<0.05)。结论福州市成年居民血脂异常患病率较高,但城乡差异较大。地区、年龄、吸烟、超重、中心性肥胖、患高血压和体育锻炼是主要影响因素,应加强健康教育工作,鼓励居民采取健康的生活方式,防控血脂异常。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among urban and rural residents in Fuzhou city,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of dyslipidemia.Methods From May to August 2020,investigations were conducted in Jin’an district and Minqing county of Fuzhou city.With multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling,3961 adult permanent residents were finally selected as the survey subjects and conducted for the questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory test.Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square test,trend Chi-square test,and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results The total prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult residents in Fuzhou was 35.98%,and the standardized prevalence was 31.92%.The main types of dyslipidemia were low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia.The prevalence rates of dyslipidemia were statistically significant in different regions,marriages,ages,education levels,smoking,sleep time,physical exercise,overweight,abdominal obesity,hypertension,and diabetes(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that living in rural areas,age≥60 years old,smoking,overweight,abdominal obesity,and hypertension were the risk factors for dyslipidemia,and regular participation in physical exercise was a protective factor for dyslipidemia(all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult residents in Fuzhou is relatively high,but there is a significant difference between urban and rural areas.The region,age,smoking,overweight,abdominal obesity,hypertension,and physical exercise were the main influencing factors.Health education should be strengthened,and residents should be encouraged to adopt a healthy lifestyle to prevent and control dyslipidemia.

关 键 词：血脂异常 影响因素 居民 患病率 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]