上海市加油站地下水中甲基叔丁基醚污染状况调查及健康风险评价  

Investigation and health risk assessment of methyl tert-butyl ether pollution in groundwater of gas stations in Shanghai

作　　者：胡丽雅 HU Liya(Shanghai Textile Energy Saving&Environmental Protection Center,Shanghai 200082;Shanghai Institute of Textile Architectural Design Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200060)

机构地区：[1]上海纺织节能环保中心,上海200082 [2]上海纺织建筑设计研究院有限公司,上海200060

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2022年第12期1652-1656,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：上海市2020年度“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关项目(No.20dz1204500)。

摘　　要：在建立吹扫捕集/气相色谱—质谱法测定地下水中甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)的分析方法基础上,对上海市11个区共计208个加油站点位的地下水样品进行MTBE污染状况调查和健康风险评价分析。调查结果显示,上海市各区加油站地下水中MTBE普遍有检出,检出质量浓度为1.0~3570.0μg/L,总检出率高达55.3%,各区的检出率为20.0%~87.5%。同时,地下水中MTBE浓度和总石油烃(TPH)浓度成高度正相关,表明MTBE污染可能源于汽油泄漏。健康风险评价结果显示,如暴露途径为吸入,地下水中MTBE的致癌风险和非致癌危害商均低于可接受风险水平;如果暴露途径考虑饮用加油站地下水,则有5个区的加油站地下水中MTBE污染可造成人体健康风险。An analytical method for the determination of methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE)in groundwater by purge and trap/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was established.MTBE pollution status and health risk assessment were carried out in groundwater samples from 208 gas stations in 11 districts of Shanghai.The survey results showed that MTBE was generally detected in the groundwater of gas stations with the detected mass concentrations in the range of 1.0-3570.0μg/L.The total detection rate was as high as 55.3%while the detection rates in various districts were in the range of 20.0%-87.5%.Meanwhile,MTBE concentrations in groundwater were highly positively correlated with the total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH)concentrations,indicating that MTBE pollution could be caused by gasoline leakage.The health risk assessment results showed that if the exposure route was via inhalation,the carcinogenic risk and non carcinogenic hazard quotient of MTBE in groundwater were lower than the acceptable risk level.However,if the exposure route considered drinking the groundwater of gas stations,MTBE pollution in the groundwater of gas stations in five districts could cause human health risks.

关 键 词：甲基叔丁基醚 吹扫捕集/气相色谱—质谱法 加油站 地下水 健康风险 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4