不同动植物蛋白比饲料对草金鱼生长性能、肌肉成分和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of dietary animal and plant protein proportion on growth,muscle composition and serum biochemistry of Carassius auratus red var

作　　者：叶旋 王洋 杨广 朱国霞 刘庆松 白东清 YE Xuan;WANG Yang;YANG Guang;ZHU Guoxia;LIU Qingsong;BAI Dongqing(Tianjin key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture,College of Fisheries,Tiajin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津西青300384

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第22期60-66,共7页China Feed

基　　金：天津市淡水养殖产业技术体系创新团队营养需求与饲料岗位专家(ITTFRS2021000-011)。

摘　　要：本试验以豆粕、花生粕、螺旋藻粉及鱼粉为蛋白源,设计不同动植物蛋白比的等氮等能饲料(1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5,即A1P1~A1P5组),投喂草金鱼(Carassius auratus red var)[初始体重为(99.99±1.21)g]60 d,研究不同动植物蛋白比对草金鱼生长性能及健康状态的影响。结果表明:不同动植物蛋白比可显著影响草金鱼的生长、下腹肌肌肉成分和血清生化指标(P<0.05)。随着饲料中植物蛋白比例的增加,增重率、特定生长率及蛋白质效率呈先降后升的趋势,在A1P5组时达到最高值(P<0.05);饲料系数呈现出先升后降的趋势,在A1P5时达到最低值(P<0.05);A1P5与A1P1组下腹肌肌肉常规成分无显著差异(P>0.05);A1P3~A1P5组血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇及甘油三酯含量显著低于其余两组(P<0.05);A1P4、A1P5组血清中高密度胆固醇与A1P1和A1P2组无显著差异(P>0.05);A1P2~A1P5组血清中低密度胆固醇含量显著低于A1P1组(P<0.05);谷草转氨酶在A1P1组达到最高值(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶及谷草/谷丙无显著差异(P>0.05);A1P4、A1P5组血清中尿素氮显著低于其余三组(P<0.05),动植物蛋白比1∶4~1∶5时,血清生理生化指标显示草金鱼处于健康生理状态。可见,在本试验条件下,饲料中动植物蛋白适宜比例为1∶4~1∶5。60 d feeding trials were conducted with Goldfish(Carassius auratus red var)[(99.99±1.21)g initial body weight]to determine the optimal proportion of animal and plant protein in diets containing 32%crude protein,with maintaining growth and healthy physiological state.Soybean meal,peanut meal,spirulina meal and fish meal were used as protein sources to design isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with different animal and plant protein proportions(1:1,1:2,1:3,1:4,1:5,called A1P1~A1P5 groups).In the experiment,with the increase of plant protein proportion in diets,the weight gain rate(WGR)of A1P5 group was significantly higher than A1P1~A1P3 group(P<0.05).And the A1P5 group had significantly higher specific growth rate(SGR)and protein efficiency rate(PER)than the other diets(P<0.05).The A1P5 group had the lowest value of feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P<0.05).The A1P5 group had no significant difference in conventional components of lower abdominal muscle with A1P1 group(P>0.05).The contents of total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),total cholesterol(TC)and tri-glyceride(TG)in serum of A1P3~A1P5 groups were significantly lower the other diets(P<0.05).The A1P4 and A1P5 groups had no significant difference in serum high density liptein cholesterol(HDL-C)with A1P1 and A1P2 groups(P>0.05).The A1P2~A1P5 groups were significantly lower in serum low density liptein cholesterol(LDL-C)with A1P1 group(P<0.05).The highest values of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)in A1P1 group(P<0.05).The glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT)and GOT/GPT had no significant difference in serum(P>0.05).The blood urea nitrogen(BUN)in A1P4~A1P5 groups were significantly lower than that in other diets(P<0.05).In conclusion,the optimal proportion of animal and plant protein in diet of goldfish was 1:4~1:5 with maintaining growth and healthy physiological state.

关 键 词：动植物蛋白比 草金鱼 肌肉成分 生长性能 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]