喷施植物生长调节剂对紫花苜蓿花荚脱落的影响  

Effects of Spraying Plant Growth Regulators on Alfalfa Pods Abscission

作　　者：李浩天 隋晓青 马雪瑶 刘美君 张树振 张博[1,2,3] LI Hao-tian;SUI Xiao-qing;MA Xue-yao;LIU Mei-jun;ZHANG Shu-zhen;ZHANG bo(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology,Urumqi 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第10期47-57,共11页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960354)资助。

摘　　要：紫花苜蓿花荚脱落率高,是实际生产中导致种子产量低下的原因之一。选择‘新牧4号’紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.cv.‘XinMu No.4’)为试验品种,喷施植物生长调节剂(PGRs),通过对花柄脱落部位进行细胞组织学剖析,分析紫花苜蓿花柄离区形成中内源激素含量与细胞壁水解酶活性的变化特征,探讨二者对紫花苜蓿花荚脱落的影响,以期为PGRs调控紫花苜蓿种子生产提供一定的理论参考和生产依据。结果表明:紫花苜蓿花柄离区分化后开始出现比较明显的断裂,对小花的支撑力开始下降,最终导致脱落。纤维素酶(CE)和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)活性在PGRs调控下活性增高,促进紫花苜蓿花荚脱落,同时PG活性在紫花苜蓿发育后期受到内源赤霉素(GA_(3))正向调控。喷施PGRs可降低紫花苜蓿花荚脱落率,其中以初花期喷施20 mg/L GA_(3)和250 mg/L多效唑(PP_(333))效果最好。The high alfalfa pod abscission rate is one of the reasons for low seed yield in production.This study aimed to explore the effects of plant growth regulators(PGRs)on alfalfa pod abscission using Medicago sativa L.cv.‘XinMu No.4’alfalfa.Cytohistological analysis of pod abscission sites integrated with the determination of endogenous hormone and cell wall hydrolytic enzyme activity of flower abscission zone were performed in the present study to provide a theoretical basis for PGRs regulation on alfalfa seed production.The results showed that:Cracks occurred after the differentiation of the flower abscission zone,which reduced the support of florets,eventually leading to abscission.Cellulose(CE)and polygalacturonase(PG)activities were increased due to the regulation of PGRs,promoting alfalfa pod abscission.Meanwhile,PG activity was positively regulated by endogenous gibberellic acid(GA_(3))during the late alfalfa development period.Spraying PGRs reduced alfalfa pod abscission rate,in which 20 mg/L of GA_(3)and 250 mg/L of PP_(333) at the early flowering stage had the optimum effect.

关 键 词：生长调节剂 紫花苜蓿 内源激素 细胞壁水解酶 花荚脱落 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]