不同CO_(2)浓度和氮水平对冬小麦光合和生长特性的影响  

Effects of different CO_(2) concentration and nitrogen rates on photosynthesis and growth of winter wheat

作　　者：吴浩 张雪松[1] 王丹[1] WU Hao;ZHANG Xuesong;WANG Dan(School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2022年第12期2594-2602,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31500503,31770485);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20150894)。

摘　　要：为揭示高CO_(2)浓度处理下,不同氮水平对冬小麦光合作用、生物量积累和产量的影响,利用开顶式气室(OTC),以冬小麦品种宁麦13为试验材料,开展不同CO_(2)浓度(C,环境CO_(2)浓度;T,高CO_(2)浓度,比环境CO_(2)浓度高200μmol·mol^(-1))和氮水平(LN,低氮,90 kg·hm^(-2);HN,高氮,240 kg·hm^(-2))的交互试验,测定不同处理下不同生育期冬小麦的光合特性、叶片碳氮含量、地上部生物量和产量。结果表明,CO_(2)浓度升高提高了冬小麦的净光合速率,在低氮水平下增幅为78.4%,在高氮水平下增幅为77.2%。在开花期和灌浆期,高氮水平对冬小麦地上部干物质量积累有明显促进作用。各处理中,C-LN的产量最低,T-HN的产量最高,且二者差异显著(P<0.05)。以上结果说明,在未来CO_(2)浓度升高条件下,可通过增施适量的氮肥提升冬小麦的生物量和产量。In order to elucidate the interactive effects of different nitrogen rates on photosynthesis,biomass accumulation and yield of winter wheat under the elevated CO_(2)concentration,the winter wheat variety Ningmai 13 was selected as the test material,and an experiment with different CO_(2)concentrations(C,ambient CO_(2)concentration;T,higher CO_(2)concentration,ambient CO_(2)concentration+200μmol·mol^(-1))and different N levels(LN,low nitrogen,90 kg·hm^(-2);HN,high nitrogen,240 kg·hm^(-2))was conducted,and the photosynthetic characteristics,carbon and nitrogen content in leaves,biomass and yield of winter wheat at different growth stages under different treatments were measured.It was shown that the higher CO_(2)concentration increased the net photosynthetic rate of winter wheat by 78.4%under the low nitrogen level and 77.2%under the high nitrogen level.At the flowering stage and the filling stage,high nitrogen level increased the above-ground biomass accumulation of winter wheat.Among all the treatments,the yield of C-LN was the smallest,yet the yield of T-HN was the highest,and the difference between them was significant(P<0.05).Therefore,it was inferred that under the elevated CO_(2)concentration in the future,the biomass accumulation and yield of winter wheat could be increased by increasing the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer.

关 键 词：冬小麦 高CO_(2)浓度 施氮水平 光合生理 生物量 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]