秸秆直接还田与炭化还田对热带土壤-水稻系统氨挥发的影响  

Effects of straw and straw-derived biochar returning on ammonia volatilization in tropical soil-rice system

作　　者：林智文 张鹏 吴天昊 单颖[2] 邹刚华 赵凤亮[2] 郑桂萍[1] LIN Zhiwen;ZHANG Peng;WU Tianhao;SHAN Ying;ZOU Ganghua;ZHAO Fengliang;ZHENG Guiping(College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang,China;Institute of Environmental and Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [3]贵州大学精细化工研究开发中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2022年第12期2689-2699,共11页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(321RC625)。

摘　　要：氨挥发是稻田氮损失的主要形式之一。本研究采用温室土柱试验方法,设置不施氮肥(0N)、秸秆还田(ST)、生物炭(秸秆炭化)还田(BI)、常规施肥(CF)、秸秆还田配施氮肥(NST)、生物炭还田配施氮肥(NBI)6个处理,研究等量氮素投入条件下秸秆还田及其炭化还田对热带土壤-水稻系统氨挥发排放的影响。结果表明,与CF处理相比,NST处理在分蘖期显著(P<0.05)降低了田面水的pH值,提高了田面水的NH_(4)^(+)-N含量;NBI处理显著(P<0.05)提高了水稻成熟期的土壤pH值和土壤NH_(4)^(+)-N含量,降低了土壤NO_(3)^(-)-N含量。总的来看,NBI处理在试验条件下对土壤氨挥发具有较好的抑制作用,氨累积挥发量较CF处理显著(P<0.05)降低28.9%。Ammonia volatilization is one of the main forms of nitrogen loss in paddy fields.In the present study,soil column experiment was adopted with 6 treatments,namely,no nitrogen fertilizer(0N),straw returning(ST),straw-derived biochar returning(BI),conventional fertilization(CF),straw returning with nitrogen fertilizer(NST),straw-derived biochar returning with nitrogen fertilizer(NBI),to evaluate the effects of straw and straw-derived biochar returning on ammonia volatilization in the tropical soil-rice system.The results showed that,compared with the CK treatment,NST treatment significantly(P<0.05)reduced the pH,yet increased the NH_(4)^(+)-N content of surface water at the tillering stage.NBI treatment significantly(P<0.05)elevated the pH and NH_(4)^(+)-N content of soil,yet decreased soil NO_(3)^(-)-N content as compared with the CF treatment.Overall,NBI treatment could inhibit ammonia volatilization under the experiment conditions,as its cumulative ammonia volatilization was significantly(P<0.05)decreased by 28.9%than that of CF treatment.

关 键 词：热带土壤 氨挥发 水稻秸秆 生物炭 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]