我国东部沿海三大城市群地下水储量变化与驱动因素分析  

Analysis of the groundwater storage variations and their driving factors in the three eastern coastal urban agglomerations of China

作　　者：林雪敏 李伟峰[2] 王红 明冬萍[1] 韩立建[2] LIN Xuemin;LI Weifeng;WANG Hong;MING Dongping;HAN Lijian(School of Information Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Information Center of Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)信息工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]自然资源部信息中心,北京100036

出　　处：《自然资源遥感》2022年第4期262-271,共10页Remote Sensing for Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于协同机制的城市群地区水资源供求关系调控路径研究”(编号:31971482)资助。

摘　　要：地下水超采引发的一系列地质灾害问题,严重制约了我国东部沿海三大城市群——京津冀、长三角和珠三角的可持续发展。为揭示三大城市群地下水储量时空动态变化规律及其驱动因素,本研究基于GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)卫星数据定量反演了2002—2016年间3个城市群的地下水储量变化,并利用灰色关联分析方法进行归因分析。结果表明:①京津冀城市群地下水储量持续下降,线性下降速率为1.17 cm/a;长三角城市群小幅波动变化,较为稳定;珠三角城市群持续上升,线性上升速率为0.43 cm/a。②3个城市群地下水储量变化均受人为用水因素主导,京津冀受农业用水量影响突出;长三角受农业用水量、降水量、地表水资源量和人口数量等综合影响;珠三角受农业和生活用水量双重影响。③3个城市群地下水储量变化与驱动力的比较分析表明,城市群发展推动区域产业结构调整,促进第二、三产业升级,提升用水效率并优化用水结构,对地下水保护有积极影响。针对东部沿海城市群资源环境禀赋与战略发展布局,科学谋划农业发展布局,进一步优化升级产业结构,提升用水效率,以及防治地表水污染,是进一步保护与恢复地下水的关键。A series of geological disasters caused by groundwater overexploitation has severely restricted the sustainable development of the three eastern coastal urban agglomerations in China:Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH),Yangtze River Delta(YRD),and Pearl River Delta(PRD).To reveal the spatial-temporal dynamic variations and their driving factors of groundwater storage(GWS)in the three urban agglomerations,this study quantitatively inverted the GWS variations in the three urban agglomerations during 2002—2016 using the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)satellite data.Then,attribution analysis was made using the gray relational analysis method.The results are as follows.The GWS kept decreasing at a linear rate of 1.17 cm/a in BTH,was relatively stable with slight fluctuation in YRD,and continued to increase at a linear rate of 0.43 cm/a in PRD.The GWS variations in the three urban agglomerations were all dominated by anthropogenic factors.The BTH was significantly affected by agricultural water consumption;the YRD was affected by agricultural water consumption,precipitation,surface water availability,and population;the PRD was significantly affected by both agricultural and domestic water consumption.According to the comparative analysis of the GWS variations and their driving factors among the three urban agglomerations,the development of urban agglomerations promoted industrial restructuring and upgrades the secondary and tertiary industries,with water utilization efficiency and structure improved,thus playing a positive role in groundwater protection.Considering the natural resource capacity and development patterns of the eastern coastal urban agglomerations,the key to GWS protection and restoration is to scientifically plan agricultural development and further optimize industrial structure so as to improve water utilization efficiency and prevent surface water pollution.

关 键 词：地下水储量 地下水利用 城市群 GRACE 驱动因素 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]