防止新生儿沐浴时呛奶风险的方法研究  

Prevent the risk of choking during bathing of newborns

作　　者：陈金凤 杨庆珍 简毅燕 龚怡静 CHEN Jin-feng;YANG Qing-zhen;JIAN Yi-yan;GONG Yi-jing(Department of Child Health,Fengcheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Fengcheng 331100,Jiangxi,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]丰城市妇幼保健院儿保科,江西丰城331100 [2]丰城市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科,江西丰城331100 [3]武汉体育学院研究生院健康学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《广东医学》2022年第10期1275-1279,共5页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目(202212598)。

摘　　要：目的探讨改良沐浴措施对新生儿呛奶的影响。方法以2020年7—12月出生的947例新生儿为对照组,2021年1—12月出生的1730例新生儿为观察组。对照组给予常规方法护理沐浴,观察组采用改良方法护理沐浴(沐浴前通过呛奶风险评估表评估,通过视频、模拟娃娃、一对一等多举措宣教培训)。通过问卷和考核的形式了解产妇及其家属和护理人员的宣教培训效果;及时分析新生儿沐浴呛奶的情况,探讨改良沐浴措施的可行性。结果观察组产妇及其家属对新生儿沐浴技巧和知识的问卷评分培训后高于培训前(P<0.001)。护理人员操作技能考核评分观察组高于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组的呛奶阳性率随月份逐渐降低,但8月份低于9月份的呛奶阳性率(P<0.001),其他相邻月份呛奶阳性率比对均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组上半年的呛奶阳性率较下半年的高(P<0.001)。观察组的呛奶阳性率低于对照组的呛奶阳性率(P<0.001)。结论改良的新生儿沐浴措施有效降低了新生儿沐浴时呛奶现象,提高新生儿沐浴安全,具有推广应用价值。Objective To investigate the protective effect of improved bathing measures on choking milk of newborn.Methods Totally 947 newborns from July to December 2020 were selected as control group,and 1730 newborns from January to December 2021 were selected as observation group.The control group received routine nursing bath,and the observation group received improved nursing bath(before bathing,through risk assessment form of choking milk,video,simulation doll,one-to-one multi-action education and training).The effect of education and training for parturient,their family members and nursing staff was investigated by questionnaire and examination,and the feasibility of improving bathing measures was discussed.Results The scores of the questionnaire of the parturient and their families on the newborn bathing skills and knowledge in the observation group were significantly higher than those before the training(P<0.001),and the scores of the operating skills examination in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.001).The positive rate of choking milk in the observation group decreased gradually with the month,except the positive rate of choking milk in August was lower than that in September(P<0.001).The positive rate of choking milk in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.001).Conclusion The improved newborn bath measure can effectively reduce the phenomenon of choking milk in the newborn bath,improve the safety of the newborn bath.

关 键 词：新生儿 沐浴 呛奶风险 

分 类 号：R71[医药卫生—妇产科学] R714[医药卫生—临床医学]