基于极小曲面夹层结构的新型高速公路防撞垫设计研究  

RESEARCH ON THE DESIGN OF A NOVEL HIGHYWAY CRASH CUSHION BASED ON THE MINMIAL SURFACE SANDWICH STRUCTURE

作　　者：孙楠 周开发[1] 王帅 马雯怡 郭东灵 SUN Nan;ZHOU KaiFa;WANG Shuai;MA WenYi;GUO DongLing(School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Automobile,Chongqing Vocational College of Tansportation,Chongqing 402247,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学土木工程学院,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通职业学院智能制造与汽车学院,重庆402247

出　　处：《机械强度》2022年第6期1395-1401,共7页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0516);重庆市教委科技项目(KJZD-K201905701)资助。

摘　　要：针对传统防撞垫结构对车辆造成的碰撞力过大问题,设计了一种基于单周期极小曲面(Singly Periodic Minimal Surface,SPMS)的夹层结构的新型可导向防撞垫。首先,利用Mathematica探究了SPMS隐函数表达式中a、b、c三个参数的改变对结构形式的影响规律。然后,对SPMS结构进行准静态压缩有限元仿真。最后,建立车辆-防撞垫碰撞模型系统,在100 km/h的车速下进行了实车碰撞仿真。研究结果表明:参数a、b的改变会使结构呈现周期性旋转对称变化,参数c的改变会改变SPMS结构亏格的大小,最终确定参数a、b、c的最优值分别为1、0.3、0。通过实车碰撞模拟,与传统防撞垫相比,新型防撞垫在正碰、侧碰工况下,峰值碰撞力分别下降了37.5%和18.8%。该新型防撞垫能够有效降低碰撞力,同时吸收冲击破坏下的巨大能量,具有良好的工程借鉴价值。To solve the problem of excessive collision force caused by traditional crash cushion, a novel guiding crash cushion is designed based on the Singly Periodic Minimal Surface(SPMS) sandwich structure. Firstly, Mathematica is used to explore the influence of parameter changes of a, b and c in the implicit function expression of SPMS on the structure form. Then, the quasi-static compression finite element simulation is carried out. Finally, the vehicle-crash cushion collision model system is established, and the full scale crash simulation is carried out at the speed of 100 km/h. The results show that the change of parameters a and b will make the structure exhibit periodic rotational symmetric changes, and the change of parameter c will change the size of the genus. At last, the optimal values of parameters a, b and c are 1, 0.3 and 0 respectively. Through the full scale crash simulation, compared with the traditional crash cushion, the peak impact force of the novel crash cushion decreases by 37.5% and 18.8% in the frontal and frontal lateral conditions. The new crash cushion can effectively reduce the impact force, and absorb the huge energy under the impact damage, which possesses a good engineering reference value.

关 键 词：单周期极小曲面 可导向防撞垫 耐撞性能 有限元方法 

分 类 号：U417.12[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]