慢性心力衰竭患者流感疫苗接种现状调查及影响因素分析  

Investigation of influenza vaccination status and analysis of influencing factors in patients with chronic heart failure

作　　者：徐元锂 陶明 司龙娅 张燕艳 彭杰文 王小鹏 杨文笔 敖卫[4] Xu Yuanli;Tao Ming;Si Longya;Zhang Yanyan;Peng Jiewen;Wang Xiaopeng;Yang Wenbi;Ao Wei(Department of Operating Room,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou 563099,China;School of Nursing,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou 563099,China;Department of Cardiology,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou 563099,China;Department of Cardiology,the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi,Zunyi Guizhou 563000,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学附属医院手术室,贵州遵义563099 [2]遵义医科大学护理学院,贵州遵义563099 [3]遵义医科大学附属医院心血管内科,贵州遵义563099 [4]遵义市第一人民医院心血管内科,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《遵义医科大学学报》2022年第6期791-796,共6页Journal of Zunyi Medical University

基　　金：贵州省社科联理论创新项目(NO:SKL-2019-9);遵义市科技计划项目(NO:遵市科合HZ字[2019]58)。

摘　　要：目的 了解慢性心力衰竭(Chronic heart failure,CHF)患者的流感疫苗接种知识、信念和行为现状及影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取在遵义市某3所三级综合医院住院的300例CHF患者作为调查对象,对该人群实施问卷调查并对结果进行分析。本研究发放问卷300份,回收有效问卷289份,有效回收率为96.33%。结果 调查对象的知识和信念标准得分依次为56.57±18.13、59.49±19.15,14例(4.84%)接种过流感疫苗,7例(2.42%)每年按时接种流感疫苗(连续接种≥2年)。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,年龄、家庭人均月收入是知识得分和信念得分的影响因素(P<0.05);工作状况、“医生是否告诉过需要接种流感疫苗”是知识得分的影响因素(P<0.05);“过去一年是否患过流感或有过流感样症状”是信念得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 CHF患者的流感疫苗接种知信行水平较低,应根据患者的不同特征开展具有针对性的、分层次的健康干预,逐步改善该群体的流感疫苗接种知信行现状。Objective To understand the knowledge,attitude and practice of influenza vaccination in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) and its influencing factors.Methods Stratified sampling method was used to select 300 CHF patients in three general hospitals in Zunyi as the investigation objects.A questionnaire survey was conducted on this population and the results were analyzed.300 questionnaires were sent out and 289 were effectively received with an effective recovery rate of 96.33%.Results The standard scores of knowledge dimension and attitude dimension of respondents were 56.57±18.13 and 59.49±19.15,respectively.Fourteen patients(4.84%) with CHF received influenza vaccine,and seven patients(2.42%) with CHF received influenza vaccine on time(continuous vaccination ≥2 years).Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that age and family per capita monthly income were the influencing factors of knowledge scores and attitude scores(P<0.05);Work status and “Whether your doctor told you that you need to get a flu shot” were the influencing factors of knowledge scores(P<0.05);“Had the flu in the past year or had influenza-like symptoms” was the influencing factor of attitude scores(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of knowledge,attitude and practice of influenza vaccination in CHF patients was low.Targeted and stratified health education should be carried out according to the different characteristics of patients,so as to gradually improve the knowledge,attitude and practice of influenza vaccination in this population.

关 键 词：慢性心力衰竭 流感疫苗接种 知信行 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学]