超声波作用下的毛细现象  

Capillarity under the action of ultrasound

作　　者：张天宇 邓欣雨 陆建隆[2] 王巍[1] 钟鸣[1] ZHANG Tian-yu;DENG Xin-yu;LU Jian-long;WANG Wei;ZHONG Ming(School of Physics and Technology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Teacher Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学物理科学与技术学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京师范大学教师教育学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《物理实验》2022年第12期28-34,共7页Physics Experimentation

摘　　要：利用超声空化理论解释了超声毛细现象,理论分析了声压、温度、毛细管内径3个参量对毛细管内液面上升高度的影响.超声波的声压作为影响单泡空化强度的决定性因素,对超声毛细现象具有重要影响.当声压低于空化阈值时,超声毛细现象难以发生;当声压超过空化阈值时,超声毛细现象的剧烈程度与声压大小成正相关.实验探究了声压、温度、毛细管内径对毛细管内最终液面上升高度的影响,验证了超声空化理论对超声毛细现象的理论解释,实验结果与超声空化理论相吻合.The ultrasonic capillary phenomenon was explained by using the ultrasonic cavitation theory,and the effects of sound pressure,temperature,and capillary inner diameter on the rising height of the liquid level in the capillary were theoretically analyzed.As the decisive factor affecting the cavitation intensity of single bubble,the sound pressure of ultrasonic wave played an important role in ultrasonic capillary phenomenon.When the sound pressure was lower than the cavitation threshold,the ultrasonic capillary phenomenon was difficult to occur,but when the sound pressure exceeded the cavitation threshold,the intensity of the ultrasonic capillary phenomenon was positively correlated with the sound pressure.The effects of sound pressure,temperature and capillary inner diameter on the final liquid level rise in the capillary were investigated.The theoretical explanation of ultrasonic capillary phenomenon by ultrasonic cavitation theory was verified,and the experimental results were consistent with the ultrasonic cavitation theory.

关 键 词：超声毛细现象 超声空化理论 毛细管内液面 

分 类 号：O426.4[理学—声学] O647.6[理学—物理]