两种日粮组成对妊娠后期母驴体重增加、血液生化指标及生殖激素影响的研究  

Study on the effects of two dietary compositions on weight gain,blood biochemical indices and reproductive hormones of female donkeys in late pregnancy

作　　者：李佳豪 李晓斌[1] 李倩 米热古丽·伊马木[1] 托乎提·阿及德[2] 王琼[2] 解鹏[3] 肖海霞[2] LI Jiahao;LI Xiaobing;LI Qian;Yimamu Mireguli;TUOHUTI Ajde;WANG Qiong;XIE Peng;XIAO Haixia(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang,Liaoning Province 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]沈阳农业大学畜牧兽医学院,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第23期62-68,共7页China Feed

基　　金：自治区重点研发计划项目(2020B01002,2020B01002-2,2020B01002-2-2,2020B01002-2-2-2)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究在能量水平相近条件下,两种不同蛋白质水平的日粮对妊娠后期疆岳母驴体重、血液相关生化指标及生长激素的影响,为妊娠后期母驴的科学饲养管理提供参考依据。选择年龄4~6岁、胎次1~2胎、平均体重相近、健康的妊娠后期疆岳母驴60头,随机分为2组,每组30头,分别为日粮Ⅰ组和日粮Ⅱ组。在相同的饲养管理条件下,日粮Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组妊娠后期母驴分别饲喂蛋白水平为3.87%、10.95%的日粮,进行为期90 d的饲养试验。试验结果显示:(1)日粮Ⅱ组妊娠后期母驴总增重和日增重分别比日粮Ⅰ组显著提高了155.42%和157.69%(P <0.05);(2)日粮Ⅱ组妊娠后期母驴血浆中总蛋白和白蛋白含量分别比日粮Ⅰ组显著提高了24.62%和25.76%(P <0.05),尿素氮的含量显著降低了27.50%(P <0.05);葡萄糖和甘油三脂的浓度分别比日粮Ⅰ组显著提高了5.82%和6.90%(P <0.05);(3)日粮Ⅱ组妊娠后期母驴血浆中雌二醇、孕酮、促黄体素、促卵泡素以及促性腺激素释放激素分别比日粮Ⅰ组提高了5.09%、1.50%、2.99%、45.85%和13.66%,但差异均不显著(P> 0.05)。综上所述,饲喂日粮Ⅱ组能够促进妊娠后期母驴体重的增加,提高氮糖脂等代谢,维持妊娠后期激素的正常水平,对母驴的妊娠具有一定的促进作用。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of two diets with different protein levels on body weight gain,blood-related biochemical indexes and growth hormones of female donkeys in the late pregnancy period under the conditions of similar energy levels,and to provide a reference basis for scientific feeding management of female donkeys in the late pregnancy period. 60 healthy Jiangyue female donkeys aged4 ~ 6 years,1 ~ 2 births,similar average weight and healthy late pregnancy were randomly divided into two groups: Diet group Ⅰ(n=30) and Diet group II(n=30). Under the same feeding and management conditions,the female donkeys in group Ⅰ,group Ⅱ were fed diet with protein levels of 3.87% and 10.95%respectively,and the feeding experiment lasted for 90 days. The experimental results showed that:(1) The total weight gain and daily weight gain of female donkeys in diet group II were significantly higher than those in diet group I by 155.42% and 157.69%(P < 0.05);(2) The content of total protein and albumin in the plasma of female donkeys in the second trimester of pregnancy in diet group II was significantly higher than that in diet group I by 24.62% and 25.76%(P < 0.05) respectively,and the content of urea nitrogen was significantly lower by 27.50%(P < 0.05);The concentrations of glucose and triglyceride were significantly increased by 5.81% and 6.90%(P < 0.05).(3) The plasma estradiol,progesterone,luteinizing hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone of female donkeys in diet group II were increased by 5.09%,1.50%,2.99%,45.85% and 13.66%,but the difference was not significant(P > 0.05). To sum up,feeding diet group II could promote the weight gain of female donkeys in the late pregnancy,improve the metabolism of nitrogen,sugar and lipid,maintain the normal level of hormones in the late pregnancy,and promote the pregnancy of female donkeys to some extent.

关 键 词：日粮组成 妊娠后期母驴 体重 血液生化指标 生殖激素 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]