基于语料库交叉验证的现代英汉进行体对比分析  

A corpus-based contrastive analysis of modern English and Chinese progressives:A cross validation study

作　　者：祝丽丽 王文斌 Zhu Lili;Wang Wenbin

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中国外语与教育研究中心 [2]北京外国语大学国家语言能力发展研究中心/中国外语与教育研究中心

出　　处：《外语教学》2022年第6期22-30,共9页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“‘一带一路’沿线国家语言资源数据库建设及汉外对比研究”(项目编号:19ZDA319);第十一批中国外语教育基金项目“英汉进行体时空性差异与中国英语学习者进行体习得的关系研究”(项目编号:ZGWYJYJJ11Z0034)的阶段性研究成果;“北京外国语大学北京高校高精尖学科‘外语教育学’建设项目”的支持。

摘　　要：本文基于平行语料库与可比语料库的语料交叉验证,对比分析现代英汉进行体。主要发现有四:1)英汉进行体相互对应率较低,英语进行体的标记程度高于汉语进行体;2)原创英语1(OE)和原创英语2(OE)的进行体频率较为接近,而翻译汉语(TC)与原创汉语(OC)进行体的整体频率虽貌似一致,实际却差异显著,TC中“在V”的频率高于OC,“V着”的频率低于OC;3)OE与OE的进行体高频动词高度一致,且主要为动态动词;TC进行体高频动词与OC略有差异,但仍以相似性居多;4)OE进行体的各句法功能占比排序与OE几乎一致,主句谓语位居第一;TC进行体的句法功能与OC存在显著差异,但以状语做背景的比例都高于OE和OE的进行体。这些发现反映了英汉进行体的时空性差异,归根究底是英语民族思维的强时间性和汉语民族思维的强空间性使然。Based on the cross validation of parallel corpora and comparable corpora,this article makes a contrastive analysis of the progressive aspect in modern English and Chinese.There are four main findings presented:1)The mutual correspondence between English and Chinese progressives is low,and English progressives are more marked than Chinese ones;2)The frequencies of progressives in OE(Original English 1)and OE(Original English 2)are close;while the differences are actually obvious,that is,the frequency of“zai V”in TC(translated Chinese)is higher than that in OC(Original Chinese),and the frequency of“V-zhe”is lower than OC,although the overall frequencies of TC and OC progressives are seemingly the same;3)The high-frequency verbs of OEand OEprogressives are highly consistent,and they are mainly dynamic verbs;whereas the high-frequency verbs of TC and OC progressives are mostly similar,although there are slight differences between them;and 4)In terms of percentage,the orders of the syntactic functions of OEand OEprogressive aspect are almost the same,with the function of main clause predicate occupying the first place.There are significant differences in the syntactic functions of TC and OC progressives,whereas the proportions of adverbials serving as background in OC and TC are both higher than those of OEand OE.The above findings reflect the temporal/spatial differences between English progressive aspect and its Chinese counterpart,which are considered to be rooted in the essential differences between the strong temporality of English way of thinking and the strong spatiality of Chinese mode of thinking.

关 键 词：语料库交叉验证 进行体 相互对应率 强时间性 强空间性 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]