城市“双老化”住区识别与类型分析研究——以北京中心城区为例  

Research on Identification and Type Analysis of "Double Aging" Neighborhoods in the Central Zone of Beijing

作　　者：陈明玉[1] 甘草 边兰春[1] CHEN Mingyu;GAN Cao;BIAN Lanchun

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2022年第10期87-95,共9页Urban Development Studies

摘　　要：当前在我国城市发展转型时期,实施城市更新,推动老旧小区改造,实现环境品质和社会生活的提升,已经成为一个急迫而重要的工作。而物质环境老化和居民年龄老化是我国老旧住区改造面临的双重挑战,因此聚焦城市中随着物质空间老化,社会人口结构也呈现出老年状态的老旧住区,即“双老化”住区的更新改造。鉴于对具有“双老化”特征的住区的总量和分布有一个“底账”是设计住区适老化改造政策和机制的基础,研究旨在以北京中心城区为例提出在宏观城市尺度上摸清全局状况的方法。首先在梳理北京老旧住区的形成演变历程基础上,采用多源数据完成老旧住区的规模总量和双老化发展情况的分析。继而构建物质环境品质评测体系,进一步识别出其中具有“双老化”特征的老旧住区,并归纳其类型和分布特点。研究提出的城市“双老化”住区识别和分类方法可以为老旧住区的分类型分区更新改造研究和实施管理提供依据。In the current period of urban development and transformation in China, implementing urban regeneration, promoting the transformation of older neighborhoods, and realizing the improvement of environmental quality and social life have become urgent and important tasks. The aging of the physical environment and the aging of residents are the dual challenges faced by older neighborhoods regeneration in China. Therefore, this article focuses on the older neighborhoods in the city where the social demographic structure also shows an elderly state as the physical space ages, that is, "double aging" neighborhoods regeneration. In view of the fact that there is a base for the total amount and distribution of residential areas with the characteristics of "double aging" is the basis for the design of policies and mechanisms for the adaptation of residential areas to adapt to aging. The study firstly analyzed the formation and evolution of older neighborhoods in Beijing, and used multi-source data to complete the analysis of the total scale of older neighborhoods and the development of double aging. Then it build a physical environment quality measurement system to further identify the older neighborhoods with "double aging" characteristics, and summarize their types and distribution characteristics. The urban "double aging" neighborhoods identification and classification method proposed in this study can provide a basis for the research and implementation management of the regeneration and transformation of older neighborhoods by type and division.

关 键 词：老旧住区 双老化 北京中心城区 城市更新 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]