清代武宁曲池书院小考——兼论乡村书院研究的取向  

On the Qiu-chi Academy in Wuning County in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张劲松 ZHANG Jinsong

机构地区：[1]南昌师范学院书院研究中心,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《淮南师范学院学报》2022年第6期70-74,90,共6页Journal of Huainan Normal University

基　　金：全国教育科学规划2017年度教育部单位资助课题“江西古代家族书院研究”(F0B170630);江西省社会科学规划项目“清代义学与书院关系研究”(22JY17)。

摘　　要：清乾隆三十二年,江西武宁县安乐乡张氏新建曲池义塾。曲池义塾是以义塾命名的家族书院,其办学经费来源于张氏家族部分绅众的捐助而不是族产,首任院长为县学廩生张问达;除张问达之子张翩外,肄业生徒主要为张氏子弟。曲池书院的个案提醒研究者在回答“何为书院”时,应将研究对象放置在具体的历史时空与人文环境之中。包括曲池书院在内,从文会发展而来的乡村书院是我国古代书院建设的重要路径,此类书院主要承继了文会考课与奖赏功能,其贡献主要在于培养科举人才,其影响集中在地方治理与地方文化方面。Qiu-chi school was built by Zhang clan in Wuning country,Jiangxi Province in the 32nd year of the Qianlong reign in the Qing Dynasty.The school was a named clan academy which was funded by was the Zhang clan.Its first headmaster was Zhang Wen-da who was a Linsheng(a low-level degree owner who can get small money every year by the government).Besides the son of Zhang Wenda,the students of Qiu-chi academy were offspring of the Zhang clan.The research on Qiu-chi academy is to remind researchers of thinking about what the academy should be and that the research target should be placed in specific historical time and space.The rural academies,including Qiu-chi academy,originated from local literary societies,which represented an important development path for China's ancient academies.Those academies served the functions of literary testing and rewarding with major contributions of cultivating talents for the imperial examination,exerting impacts on local governance and regional culture.

关 键 词：曲池书院 乡村书院 张氏家族 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]