21世纪中国的食物安全与食物主权  

China’s Food Security and Food Sovereignty in the 21st Century

作　　者：周立[1] 罗建章 方平 ZHOU Li;LUO Jianzhang;FANG Ping

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院 [2]广西民族大学管理学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2022年第10期2-23,共22页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“食品安全社会共治与跨界合作机制研究”(编号:20&ZD116);国家自然科学基金青年项目“食物体系转型、一家两制与双重嵌入机制研究”(编号:71903044)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：大食物观的提出,将国家粮食安全问题的讨论,由狭义的粮食安全观,扩展为广义的食物安全观。已有的中国食物安全讨论,主要集中在以数量安全为核心的供给保障论和以综合安全为核心的体系治理论。本文则提出以权利安全为内核的食物主权论,从中国21世纪保障食物安全要走向权利安全的角度,分析大食物观背后,以保障食物主权为特征的国际潮流。本文认为,近三十年席卷全球的食物主权运动,不断影响全球食物安全治理和食物安全观,奠定了食物主权在保障食物安全中的基础性地位。由国家主导的中国食物安全治理实践,走出了全球食物安全治理的“有组织地不负责任”,以新型举国体制实现了“有组织地负起责任”,并在事实上建立了多层次食物主权体系的基本框架。在全球食物安全形势严峻,食物权利难以保障的复杂局面下,中国通过构建整全的食物主权体系,能够更好回答“谁来养活21世纪的中国和世界”这一长期命题。The proposition of a big food concept expands the discussion on national food security from a narrow sense to a broad one. Existing discussions on food security in China mainly focus on the supply-based theory and system governance theory. This article proposes food sovereignty theory with right security as the core and analyzes the international trend behind the concept of big food, which is characterized by food sovereignty, from the perspective of ensuring food security to right security in the 21st century.The food sovereignty movement that has swept the world in the past three decades has continuously influenced global food security governance and food security concept, laying a foundation for food sovereignty in ensuring food security. The state-led practice of food security governance in China has stepped out of the “organized irresponsibility” of global food security governance and achieved “organized responsibility” with a new-type system of nationwide mobilization and has in fact established a basic framework of a multi-level food sovereignty system. Under a complex situation of the severe condition of global food security and the difficulty of ensuring the right to food, China is building a holistic food sovereignty system, which can better answer the long-term proposition of “who will feed China and the world in the 21st century”.

关 键 词：粮食安全 食物安全 食物主权 食物体系 大食物观 

分 类 号：F326.1[经济管理—产业经济]