不同HIV暴露风险儿童与母亲的特征及接受相关服务情况  

Characteristics of mothers and children at different risk of HIV exposure and related services

作　　者：黄欣欣[1] 林娟[1] 葛品[1] 周锦[1] 薛小凌[1] HUANG Xinxin;LIN Juan;GE Pin;ZHOU Jin;XUE Xiaoling(Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics&Gynecology and Pediatrics,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省妇幼保健院福建医科大学妇儿临床医学院,福州350001

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2022年第11期1259-1262,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的分析福建省不同HIV暴露风险儿童与母亲的特征及其接受相关服务情况,为提高预防艾滋病母婴传播项目实施效果提供参考依据。方法通过全国预防艾滋病母婴传播管理信息系统收集数据,描述并分析福建省2017―2021年不同HIV暴露风险儿童与母亲的特点及其接受医疗服务的情况,计算危险因素。结果共收集274例HIV感染孕产妇分娩的274例暴露儿童资料。2017―2021年儿童HIV高暴露风险的占比分别为48.21%(27/56)、36.67%(22/60)、34.78%(16/46)、29.82%(17/57)、18.18%(10/55)。多因素分析显示,母亲文化程度为文盲半文盲(a OR=14.827,P<0.001)、孕前未确诊HIV感染(a OR=6.536,P<0.001)、孕晚期才初次产前检查(a OR=23.716,P<0.001)是分娩HIV高暴露风险儿童的危险因素。本次怀孕才确诊感染的母亲中,初次产前检查与确诊感染的间隔时间在1周以内、1~4周、5周及以上,儿童高暴露风险的构成比分别为43.90%,53.97%、81.82%。结论2017―2021年福建省儿童HIV高暴露风险的构成比呈逐年下降趋势,母亲的文化程度低、孕前未确诊感染、初次产前检查时间晚是儿童HIV高暴露风险的危险因素。在孕前未确诊感染的母亲中,随着其初次产前检查与确诊感染的间隔时间增加,儿童高暴露风险构成比也增加。Objective To analyze the characteristics of children and mothers at different risks of HIV exposure and their acceptance of related services in Fujian province.Methods We collect data from the National Management Information System for Prevention of mother-to-child Transmission of HIV.The characteristics of children and mothers at different risks of HIV exposure and their access to medical services in Fujian Province from 2017 to 2021 were analyzed.Results A total of 274 HIV-infected pregnant women delivered 274 exposed children’s data.The proportion of high HIV exposure risk in children from 2017 to 2021 were 48.21%(27/56),36.67%(22/60),34.78%(16/46),29.82%(17/57)and18.18%(10/55)respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that maternal education level of illiteracy and semi-illiteracy(a OR=14.827,P<0.001),undiagnosed HIV infection before pregnancy(a OR=6.536,P<0.001),the first prenatal examination in the third trimester(a OR=23.716,P<0.001)were the risk factors for delivery of children at high risk of HIV exposure.Among the mothers diagnosed with an infection in the current pregnancy,the interval between the first prenatal examination and the diagnosis of infection was less than one week,1-4 weeks,and more than 5 weeks,and the proportion of high exposure risk in children were 43.90%,53.97%,and 81.82%respectively.Conclusions The proportion of children with high HIV exposure risk decreased yearly in Fujian Province from 2017 to 2021.Low maternal education level,undiagnosed infection before pregnancy,and late initial prenatal examination were risk factors for high HIV exposure in children.Among mothers with the undiagnosed infection before pregnancy,the proportion of children at risk of high exposure increased as the interval between their first prenatal visit and the diagnosis of infection increased.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 暴露等级 母婴传播 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]