湖南省助产机构艾滋病梅毒和乙肝检测实验室现状调查  

Investigation of HIV syphilis and hepatitis B laboratory in midwifery institutions in Hunan Province

作　　者：杨敏[1] 吴颖岚 高洁[1] 袁姗 曾青红 熊黎黎[1] YANG Min;WU Yinglan;GAO Jie;YUAN Shan;ZENG Qinghong;XIONG Lili(Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province,Changsha 410008,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省妇幼保健院,长沙410008

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2022年第11期1298-1301,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：中国性病艾滋病防治协会·艾伯维妇幼关爱及预防母婴传播基金(2020PMTCT-W9a)。

摘　　要：目的通过对助产机构开展孕产妇相关艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝实验室检测能力现状调查,为科学制定孕产妇相关检测策略提供依据。方法对湖南省不同地区、级别、性质的助产机构进行实验室建设、人员配备、检测能力、质量管理等方面调查。结果共计调查了54家助产机构的实验室。拥有独立艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝检测实验室的机构39家(72.22%),10家乡镇助产机构只有2家设有独立实验室。54家机构共有检验人员255人,83.92%人员持证上岗,乡镇助产机构持证人数67.50%(27/40)。50家(92.59%)助产机构可自主完成检测,3家乡镇卫生院和1家县级民营医院需采血外送第三方或上级机构进行检测;孕产妇免费艾滋病检测方法以ELISA(68.52%)为主,乡镇助产机构使用免疫层析(ICA)法的占一半(5/10);梅毒检测方法首选梅毒螺旋体血清学检测初筛占比85.19%,其中使用ELISA的最多(34.78%);乙肝检测方法主要为ELISA(55.56%)。具有自主检测能力的助产机构(50家)都开展室内质控和参加室间比对,但是7家民营助产机构和5家乡镇卫生院未制定检验人员能力评估相关制度。结论各级助产机构检测能力能满足孕产妇艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝的检测需求,乡镇助产机构自主检测的能力相对薄弱,需大力加强乡镇卫生院实验室建设和人才配置。助产机构孕产妇免费艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝检测方法仍有优化空间。应强化民营助产机构和乡镇卫生院检验人员的能力评估。Objective To provide a basis for improving the total laboratory capacity through analyze the current status of maternal HIV,syphilis,and hepatitis B laboratory testing capacity in medical institutions for midwifery.Methods We surveyed medical institutions of different levels,natures,and regions in Hunan Province on laboratory construction,personnel preparation,testing qualification,quality control,etc.Results 54 laborotories were surveyed.39institutions(72.22%)with independent testing laboratories for HIV,syphilis,and hepatitis B,and only two out of 10township midwifery institutions have independent laboratories.There were 255 inspectors in 54 institutions,83.92%of whom were on duty with certificates,and 67.50%(27/40)had certificates in township midwifery institutions.50midwifery institutions(92.59%)could complete the testing independently,and three township hospitals and one countylevel private hospital had to send blood samples to another institution for testing.ELISA was the primary method of free HIV detection in pregnant women(68.52%).Half of township midwifery institutions used immunochromatography(ICA)(5/10).Treponema pallidum serological test was used for syphilis detection,accounting for 85.19%,and ELISA account for 34.78%.The primary detection method for hepatitis B was ELISA(55.56%).All the midwifery institutions with independent testing capacity carried out internal quality control and external quality control,but seven private midwifery institutions and five township midwifery institutions did not have such systems.Conclusions The testing capacity of midwifery institutions at all levels can meet maternal HIV,syphilis,and hepatitis B testing demand.The capacity of township midwifery institutions at the bottom of the testing network for independent testing is relatively weak.The laboratory construction and talent allocation in township midwifery institutions must be strengthened.Free maternal HIV,syphilis,and hepatitis B testing methods at all levels of midwifery institutions still need to be optimized

关 键 词：助产机构 艾滋病 梅毒 乙肝 实验室检测 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]