农村孕妇妊娠期糖尿病健康教育干预效果研究  

Study on the effect of health education intervention of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women in rural areas

作　　者：徐婷婷 张汉莉[3] 王银翠 张忍萍 夏青 范敏 马梦凡 方海 XU Ting-Ting;ZHANG Han-Li;WANG Yin-Cui(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Bejing,100069,China;School of Public Health,Peking University,Bejing,100191,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [3]汉阴县妇幼保健院妇产科,陕西安康725100 [4]彝良县人民医院妇产科,云南昭通657600 [5]塔斯马尼亚卫生经济研究所,澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚7000 [6]昭通市第二人民医院,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2022年第21期4058-4063,共6页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：China Medical Board(17-266);“达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金”资助项目(DIC2018-03)。

摘　　要：目的 分析健康教育对农村地区孕妇妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)认知和筛查的干预效果,为农村普及GDM筛查提供依据。方法 2018年9月-2019年9月在陕西省、四川省及云南省6个县级医疗机构选取3 294名孕妇,随机分为健康教育组(1 649名)和对照组(1 645名),调查干预前后孕妇筛查率和认知的变化。采用Stata 14.0软件分析不同人口学特征孕妇的GDM认知,并运用双重差分模型和卡方检验分析健康教育对认知和筛查率的影响。结果 健康教育组和对照组GDM筛查率分别为97.2%和94.5%。调整了年龄、产次、孕前体质指数、教育程度、家庭年收入、居住地及研究点后,健康教育组认知得分平均提高了(8.6±0.9)分,与干预前比较差异有统计学意义(t=9.02,P<0.05)。结论 农村地区GDM已经进入高发病率阶段,加强农村孕妇GDM健康教育对提高孕妇血糖筛查认知和GDM筛查率显著有效。Objective To analyze the intervention effect of health education on women’s cognition and screening of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in rural areas, provide a basis for popularizing GDM screening in rural areas.Methods From September 2018 to September 2019, 3 294 pregnant women were selected from six medical institutions at county level from Shaanxi Province, Sichuan Province, and Yunnan Province, then they were randomly divided into health education group(1 649 pregnant women) and control group(1 645 pregnant women), the changes of screening rate and cognition before and after intervention were surveyed.Stata 14.0 software was used to analyze cognition of GDM in pregnant women with different demographic characteristics, difference-in-differences model and chi-square test were used to analyze the effect of health education on cognition and screening rate.Results The screening rates of GDM in health education group and control group were 97.2% and 94.5%, respectively.After adjusting for age, parity, body mass index before pregnancy, education status, annual household income, living area, and study site, the score of cognition in health education group increased by(8.6±0.9), compared before intervention, there was statistically significant difference(t=9.02, P<0.05).Conclusion Rural areas have confronted a high incidence rate of GDM. Strengthening health education of GDM in rural pregnant women can improve cognition of blood glucose screening and screening rate of GDM.

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 认知干预 健康教育 

分 类 号：R714.256[医药卫生—妇产科学]