基于蒙特卡洛模拟的土壤健康风险评价——以攀枝花某矿区小流域为例  

Soil health risk evaluation based on Monte Carlo simulation-a case study of the small watershed around a mine in Panzhihua

作　　者：张怡萍 王哲[1,2] 张振龙 罗莹 曾秋平 贾文静 王振雨 张家千 冯喜杨 黄凤羽 易发成[1] Zhang Yiping;Wang Zhe;Zhang Zhenlong;Luo Ying;Zeng Qiuping;Jia Wenjing;Wang Zhenyu;Zhang Jiaqian;Feng Xiyang;Huang Fengyu;Yi Facheng(School of Environment and Resources,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei Anhui 230026,China;School of Resources and Environment,Xichang University,Xichang Sichuan 615000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学学院,安徽合肥230026 [3]西昌学院资源与环境学院,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2022年第12期30-36,45,共8页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1803500、2019YFC1803504);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2018SZ0298);干热河谷特色生物资源开发四川省高校重点实验室开放基金项目(GR-2020-E-02、JDH-2019-E-01);阿坝州应用技术研究与开发资金项目(20YYJSY0063);西南科技大学龙山人才科研计划项目(17LZX613、18LZX638);核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室平台创新基金(15yyhk03);工业固态废弃物土木工程综合开发利用”四川省高等学校重点实验室开放基金(SC_FQWLY-2021-Z-07)。

摘　　要：为查明攀枝花某矿区小流域土壤重金属污染状况以及污染土壤对当地居民构成的健康风险程度,分析了重金属在研究区土壤中的污染特征,采用地累积指数法对研究区土壤重金属污染状况进行了评价,结合ArcGIS空间分布特征判断其污染来源,基于USEPA模型结合蒙特卡洛不确定性分析法对该流域进行了土壤健康风险评价,结果表明:研究区土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni和Zn含量均超过了四川省土壤背景值;Cd是研究区的主要污染重金属,污染程度达到强-极强级别;研究区土壤重金属污染可能归因于土壤pH和道路运输;当地成人虽然未面临非致癌风险,但是致癌风险已超过可接受水平(1×10^(-4)),而儿童的非致癌风险和致癌风险均已超过了阈值。因此,该矿区周边土壤重金属污染问题应引起高度关注,对重点污染区进行监控和防治已刻不容缓。In order to ascertain the soil contamination with heavy metals in a small watershed around the mine in Panzhihua city and the level of health risks of the contaminated soil to the local residents,the characteristics of heavy metals in the soil within the area were studied,and the soil contaminated with heavy metals in the studying area was evaluated using geo-accumulation index method,the pollution sources were identified in combination with the ArcGIS spatial distribution characteristics.Finally,the soil health risk evaluation was conducted based on USEPA model in conjunction with Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis.The results show that the content of Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni and Zn in the contaminated soil within the area exceeded the background value of soil in Sichuan province and particularly Cd was the dominant heavy metal polluting the soil in the area,with the strong to extremely strong level.The soil heavy metal contamination was likely to be attributed to pH of soil and road transportation.Although local adults did not face non-carcinogenic risk,the carcinogenic risk exceeded the acceptable level(1×10^(-4)),moreover both the non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk of children had exceeded the threshold.Therefore,high attention should be paid to how to solve the problem of heavy metals contaminated in the soil around the mine and it is urgent to monitor and handle the heavily polluted areas.

关 键 词：土壤重金属污染 健康风险评价 蒙特卡洛模拟 地累积指数法 不确定性分析 致癌风险 空间分布 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]