水培条件下不同普通白菜品种镉铅累积和转运差异  

Variation in Cadmium and Lead Accumulation and Translocation among Pokchoi Cultivars under Hydroponic Condition

作　　者：郭雄昌[2] 隋秀玉 伍祎翌 辛在军[1] 孙小艳[1,2] GUO Xiongchang;SUI Xiuyu;WU Yiyi;XIN Zaijun;SUN Xiaoyan(Jiangxi Heavy Metal Pollution Ecological Restoration Engineering Research Center,Institute of Microbiology,Nanchang 330096,Jiangxi,China;Institute of Biological Resources,Nanchang 330096,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330006,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省重金属污染生态修复工程技术研究中心,江西省科学院微生物研究所,江西南昌330096 [2]江西省科学院生物资源研究所,江西南昌330096 [3]江西农业大学,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2022年第12期64-73,共10页China Vegetables

基　　金：江西省杰出青年人才资助计划项目(20192BCB23026);江西省“双千人才”项目,江西省重大专项(20194ABC28010);江西省科学院重点研发项目(2020-JCQN-02)。

摘　　要：采用水培方式,以南方地区常规种植的17个普通白菜品种为试材,在单一镉胁迫、单一铅胁迫和镉铅复合胁迫3种处理下分析不同品种的生物量、耐性指数、植株中镉铅含量以及转运系数差异,探讨镉与铅在普通白菜植株中含量、累积量之间的相互作用关系。结果表明:大部分普通白菜品种的生长受到镉、铅单一胁迫抑制,而镉铅复合胁迫在不同程度上缓解了其生长抑制作用。17个普通白菜品种地上部镉、铅含量存在明显差异。在单一镉胁迫下,17个普通白菜品种地上部镉含量范围为103.4~183.0 mg·kg^(-1),根系向地上部的镉转运系数为0.104~0.295,镉铅复合胁迫下地上部镉含量为69.4~142.1 mg·kg^(-1),镉转运系数为0.104~0.222;在单一铅胁迫下,17个普通白菜品种地上部铅含量范围为21.64~75.19 mg·kg^(-1),根系向地上部的铅转运系数为0.057~0.283,镉铅复合胁迫下地上部铅含量为12.66~31.91 mg·kg^(-1),铅转运系数为0.027~0.187。镉、铅在普通白菜植株中主要累积部位为根系,且根系对铅的固定能力高于镉。与镉、铅单一胁迫相比,镉铅复合胁迫下的大部分普通白菜品种地上部镉、铅含量显著降低,表明普通白菜对镉铅吸收、转运可能具有竞争拮抗作用。在单一铅胁迫和镉铅复合胁迫下,正旺达88小白菜、中蔬快菜1号、圣翠快菜地上部铅含量较低,属于铅低积累品种,在重金属污染农田中种植铅超标风险相对较低。Seventeen pokchoi〔Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis(L.)Makino var.communis Tsen et Lee〕cultivars,conventionally planted in southern China,were selected to study their differences in biomass,tolerance index,cadmium(Cd)concentration,lead(Pb)concentration,translocation factor,and explore the interactive relationship between Cd and Pb under three treatments,including single Cd,single Pb,combined of Cd and Pb,by hydroponic experiments.Results showed that single Cd treatment and single Pb treatment inhibited the growth of most of pokchoi cultivars,but combined of Cd and Pb treatment alleviated the growth inhibition to varying degrees.There were significant different Cd and Pb concentrations in roots and shoots among seventeen pokchoi cultivars.Under single Cd treatment,Cd concentrations in shoots of seventeen pokchoi cultivars ranged from 103.4 to 183.0 mg·kg^(-1),while Cd translocation factors from roots to shoots ranged from 0.104 to 0.295.Under combined of Cd and Pb treatment,the Cd concentrations ranged from 69.4 to 142.1 mg·kg^(-1),while Cd translocation factors ranged from 0.104 to 0.222.Under single Pb treatment,the Pb concentrations in shoots of seventeen pokchoi cultivars ranged from 21.64 to 75.19 mg·kg^(-1),and the translocation factors ranged from 0.057 to 0.283.Under combined of Cd and Pb treatment,the lead concentrations in shoots of seventeen pokchoi cultivars ranged from 12.66 to 31.91 mg·kg^(-1),while Pb translocation factors ranged from 0.027 to 0.187.Cd and Pb mostly accumulated in roots,and root fixation ability to Pb was significantly higher than that of Cd.The concentrations of Cd and Pb in shoots were significantly decreased under combined of Cd and Pb,when compared with single Cd or single Pb treatment,indicating that there was a competitive antagonistic effect on the uptake and translocation of Cd and Pb.‘Zhengwangda 88 xiaobaicai’‘Zhongshukuaicai No.1’‘Shengcuikuaicai’always showed lower Pb concentrations in shoots under Pb with or without Cd treatment,suggesting these cu

关 键 词：普通白菜 品种差异 镉含量 铅含量 耐性指数 

分 类 号：S634[农业科学—蔬菜学] X53[农业科学—园艺学]