老年冠状动脉旁路移植患者出院准备度现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of the status quo and infl uencing factors of discharge readiness in elderly patients with coronary artery bypass grafting

作　　者：张奇[1] 郑栋莲 马富珍[1] 郭淑萍[1] 纪延霞[1] 马红[1] ZHANG Qi;ZHENG Donglian;MA Fuzhen;GUO Shuping;JI Yanxia;MA Hong(General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan,750000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学总医院心脏大血管外科,宁夏回族自治区银川市750000

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2022年第24期3675-3681,共7页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(编号:2021BEG03051);宁夏医科大学校级课题(编号:XM2021042)。

摘　　要：目的了解老年冠状动脉旁路移植患者出院准备度现状并分析其影响因素。方法选取某医院2020年1月—2021年10月心脏大血管外科120例行冠状动脉旁路移植术拟计划出院的患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、出院准备度量表、出院指导质量量表和护理依赖量表进行调查。结果老年冠状动脉旁路移植患者出院准备度总分为159.67±31.72分,条目均分为7.26±1.44分,得分率为72.58%;出院指导质量总分为144.53±19.15分,条目均分为8.03±1.06分,得分率80.29%。出院准备度总分与出院指导质量总分(r=0.383,P<0.01)和文化程度(r=0.270,P<0.01)呈正相关,而与年龄(r=-0.210,P<0.05)和有无配偶(r=-0.333,P<0.01)呈负相关。年龄、文化程度和配偶状况是影响老年冠状动脉旁路移植患者出院准备度的独立因素。结论老年冠状动脉旁路移植患者出院准备度与出院指导质量整体处于中高水平,临床医护人员改善患者出院服务水平的同时,更应该关注高龄老年这一特殊群体社会支持和家庭照护背景,为患者出院准备提供针对性的照护服务。Objective To investigate the status quo of discharge readiness of elderly patients with coronary artery bypass grafting and analyze its infl uencing factors.Methods A total of 120 patients with coronary artery bypass grafting from January 2020 to October 2021 in a hospital were selected as the study subjects,and they were investigated with general information questionnaire,discharge preparation scale,discharge guidance quality scale and nursing dependence scale.Results The total score of discharge readiness of elderly patients with coronary artery bypass grafting was 159.67±31.72 points,the average score of items was 7.26±1.44 points,and the scoring rate was 72.58%;The total score of discharge guidance quality is 144.53±19.15 points,the average score of items is 8.03±1.06 points,and the scoring rate is 80.29%.The total score of discharge readiness was positively correlated with the total score of discharge guidance quality(r=0.383,P<0.01)and education level(r=0.270,P<0.01),but negatively correlated with age(r=-0.210,P<0.05)and spouse(r=-0.333,P<0.01).Age,education level and spouse status are independent factors that aff ect the discharge readiness of elderly patients with coronary artery bypass grafting.Conclusion The discharge preparation and discharge guidance quality of elderly patients with coronary artery bypass grafting are at a medium high level as a whole.While clinical medical staff improve the discharge service level of patients,they should pay more attention to the social support and family care background of the elderly,a special group,to provide targeted care services for the discharge preparation of patients.

关 键 词：老年患者 冠状动脉旁路移植术 出院准备度 出院指导质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.59[医药卫生—护理学]