基于集成光芯片的量子模拟研究进展  

Research progress of integrated photonic quantum simulation

作　　者：陈阳[1] 张天炀 郭光灿[1] 任希锋[1] Chen Yang;Zhang Tian-Yang;Guo Guang-Can;Ren Xi-Feng(CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学,中国科学院量子信息重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《物理学报》2022年第24期223-237,共15页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:62061160487,12204462);中国博士后科学基金(批准号:2022M723061);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助的课题。

摘　　要：量子模拟是利用可控的量子系统来模拟其他未知或难以控制的量子体系,通过这种方法来处理一些在经典计算机上无法进行仿真的复杂量子体系,用于如基础物理探索、分子动力学研究、药物研发等相关领域.集成光学系统是实现量子模拟的一个优秀的实验平台,能实现如无序系统、拓扑绝缘体、非线性和非厄米体系等凝聚态物理结构的模拟,或用于实现量子随机行走、玻色取样等以演示量子优越性.本文介绍多种量子模拟物理模型的理论基础,结合如硅、玻璃、铌酸锂等波导体系的优势,综述近年来利用集成光芯片实现量子模拟的研究进展,包括了在集成光芯片上基于模拟型和数字型这两类量子模拟实现凝聚态物理模型仿真、量子随机行走、玻色取样等,探讨集成光芯片上的不同的量子模拟技术的实用化前景和发展趋势.Quantum simulation is to use a controllable quantum system to simulate other complicated or hard-tocontrol quantum system,and to deal with some complex unknown quantum systems that cannot be simulated on classical computers due to the exponential explosion of the Hilbert space.Among different kinds of physical realizations of quantum simulation,integrated optical systems have emerged as an appropriate platform in recent years due to the advantages of flexible control,weak decoherence,and no interaction in optical systems.In this review,we attempt to introduce some of the basic models used for quantum simulation in integrated photonic systems.This review article is organized as follows.In Section 2,we introduce the commonly used material platforms for integrated quantum simulation,including the silicon-based,lithium niobate-based integrated circuits,and the femtosecond laser direct writing optical waveguides.Several integrated optical platforms such as the coupled waveguide arrays,photonic crystals,coupled resonator arrays,and multiport interferometers are also introduced.In Section 3,we focus on the analog quantum simulations in the integrated photonic platform,including Anderson localization of light in disordered systems,various kinds of topological insulators,nonlinear and non-Hermitian systems.More specifically,in Subsection 3.1,we present the integrated photonic realizations of disordered and quasi-periodic systems.In Subsection 3.2,we review the integrated photonic realizations of the topological insulators with and without time-reversal symmetry,including Floquet topological insulators,quantum spin hall system,anomalous quantum hall system,valley hall system,SuSchrieffer-Heeger(SSH)model,and photonic topological Anderson insulators.Besides,topological insulator lasers and topologically protected quantum photon sources are briefly reviewed.In Subsection 3.3,we review the nonlinear and non-Hermitian integrated optical systems.In Section 4 we present the integrated digital quantum simulations based on the mul

关 键 词：量子模拟 集成光芯片 凝聚态物理模拟 多端口干涉仪 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理] TN40[理学—物理]