长江口12.5m深水航道回淤变化及其影响因素  

Siltation change and influencing factors of 12.5m deep-water channel of Yangtze Estuary

作　　者：杨春松 左书华[2] 谢华亮[2] 杨华[2] 韩志远[2] YANG Chun-song;ZUO Shu-hua;XIE Hua-liang;YANG Hua;HAN Zhi-yuan(National Investment Project Evaluation Center,National Development and Reform Commission,Beijing 100037,China;Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment,National Engineering Research Center of Port Hydraulic Construction Technology,Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering of Ministry of Transport,Tianjin 300456,China)

机构地区：[1]国家发展与改革委员会国家投资项目评审中心,北京100037 [2]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所,港口水工建筑技术国家工程研究中心,工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室,天津300456

出　　处：《水运工程》2022年第12期77-83,共7页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1600605);交通运输部交通科技建设重点项目。

摘　　要：基于2010—2018年长江口12.5 m深水航道回淤、水文、泥沙、地形资料,对航道回淤变化及影响因素进行分析。结果表明:1)长江口12.5 m深水航道常态回淤量大,年际间存在波动,多年平均年常态回淤量约为6500万m^(3),2012年后总体呈减小趋势,目前基本稳定在5000万m^(3),年回淤强度约1.3 m/a;2)回淤量与回淤强度具有明显的时空分布特征,即洪枯季分布不均、航道中段回淤集中;3)影响航道回淤时空分布的因素主要包括洪枯季泥沙来源和输沙强度、水沙盐结构和泥沙落淤条件、北槽中段水沙盐结构及滩槽泥沙交换能力等。对于北槽中段航道而言,主要受南导堤越堤泥沙影响较大。4)年际回淤变化总体呈减小趋势,其中南港—圆圆沙航道与滩槽高差的缩小和上游底沙输沙量的减少有关;北槽航道则是由于南坝田挡沙堤加高工程的实施有效改善了北槽内水沙环境,其实测减淤幅度为17.6%。Based on the data of normal siltation,hydrology,sediment,and topography in the 12.5 m deep-water channel of the Yangtze Estuary from 2010 to 2018,this paper analyzes the siltation changes and influencing factors of the channel.The results show that:1)The normal siltation volume of the Yangtze Estuary is large and fluctuates every year.The average annual normal siltation volume is about 65 million m^(3).In addition,the volume gradually decreases after 2012 and is currently stable at about 50 million m^(3),with an annual siltation intensity of about 1.3 m/a;2)Siltation volume and intensity show obvious spatial and temporal distribution characteristics,which are reflected by uneven distribution in flood and dry seasons and massive siltation in the middle of the channel;3)Factors affecting the spatial and temporal distribution of channel siltation mainly include the sediment source and sediment transport intensity,structures of water,sediment,and salt,and sediment deposition conditions in flood and dry seasons,as well as structures of water,sediment,and salt and sediment exchange capacity of shoal and passage in the middle channel of the North Passage.Furthermore,the middle channel of the North Passage is mainly affected by the sediment over the south dike;4)The inter-annual siltation change generally shows a decreasing trend.Specifically,the south channel to the Yuanyuan shoal section is related to the decrease in altitude difference between the beach and passage and the reduction of upstream sediment transport volume.For the North Passage channel,the project of heightening the sediment barrier in the south dam field has effectively improved its water and sediment environment,and the siltation is reduced by 17.6%.

关 键 词：长江口深水航道 北槽 加高工程 南坝田拦沙堤 回淤量 

分 类 号：U611[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]