水下爆破冲击波对混凝土坞门影响试验研究  

Research on the effect of underwater blasting shock waves on concrete dock doors

作　　者：刘钊[1,2,3] 武浩文 孙文豪 于健 LIU Zhao;WU Hao-wen;SUN Wen-hao;YU Jian(Tianjin Port Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd of CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China;CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300461,China;Enterprise Key Laboratory of Underwater Tunnel Construction Operation and Maintenance Technology of Tianjin,Tianjin 300461,China;Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering of Ministry of Communications,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司,天津300222 [2]中交第一航务工程局有限公司,天津300461 [3]天津市水下隧道建设及运维技术企业重点实验室,天津300461 [4]港口岩土工程技术交通行业重点实验室,天津300222

出　　处：《中国港湾建设》2022年第12期33-36,136,共5页China Harbour Engineering

基　　金：交通运输行业重点科技项目(2021-MS1-053)。

摘　　要：水下爆破是水下工程和海岸工程常用的施工方式。由于水和空气物理性质的巨大差异,水下爆破产生的地震波和冲击波对水中和近岸结构物的损伤远远大于陆上爆破。大连湾海底隧道工程采用爆破炸礁工艺进行基槽和沉管系泊存放区的开挖工作。针对水下爆破施工产生的冲击波对沉管存放区干坞的影响开展了一系列爆破试验,测试了不同爆心距和炸药装药量下的冲击波压力,基于观测数据形成冲击波峰压值经验公式。并根据干坞坞门的设计参数,从材料和建筑物结构的角度开展稳定性分析,为实际施工提供参考。试验结果表明,在爆破距离40 m的情况下,坞门能承受的单孔最大装药量约为22.09 kg,此时坞门抗拉强度、抗压强度和黏接力均符合设计标准,爆破施工不会对坞门结构造成破坏。Underwater blasting is a common construction method for both underwater and coastal engineering. Due to the vast difference in the physical properties of water and air, the seismic and shock waves generated by underwater blasting can cause far greater damage to structures in water and near-shore buildings than by onshore blasting. Reef blasting method was used for the excavation of the foundation trench and the immersed tube storage area for the Dalian Bay Subsea Tunnel project. A series of blasting experiments were performed to test the impact of shock waves generated by underwater blasting on the dry dock in the immersed tube storage area and the shock wave pressure at different distances from the centre of blasting and by different explosive charges was tested. An empirical formula for the peak shock wave pressure based on the observed data was proposed.Based on the design scheme of the dry-dock door, stability analysis was carried out from the perspective of materials and the structure to provide reference for the construction. The results show that, at a distance of 40 m from the center of blasting, the maximum explosive charge, the shock wave of which that the dry-dock door can withstand, is approximately 22.09 kg. As such,the tensile strength, compressive strength and adhesion of the dry-dock door are all in line with the design standards and the blasting can not cause damage to the structure of the dry-dock door.

关 键 词：水下爆破 爆破冲击波 混凝土坞门 水工结构冲击波效应 

分 类 号：U612.334[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TU43[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]