空间环境对光学元件分子污染的影响及减缓方法  

Effects of space environments on optical component molecular contamination and their mitigation methods

作　　者：崔云[1] 沈自才[2] 邱家稳[3] 代巍 赵元安[1] 邵建达[1] CUI Yun;SHEN Zicai;QIU Jiawen;DAI Wei;ZHAO Yuan’an;SHAO Jianda(Laboratory of Thin Film Optics,Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering;China Academy of Space Technology;Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization,Chinese Academy of Sciences:Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所强激光材料重点实验室薄膜光学实验室,上海201800 [2]北京卫星环境工程研究所 [3]中国空间技术研究院 [4]中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2022年第6期651-660,共10页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:U20B2008;11975052)。

摘　　要：随着航天器在轨寿命的延长,分子污染对其空间光学系统在轨安全和可靠性的影响越来越突出。文章首先阐明空间分子污染的来源及其对空间光学元件的效应;之后分析温度、紫外辐射、激光照射等空间自然环境和人工环境对光学元件分子污染的影响,揭示空间环境影响光学元件分子污染的演变过程和形态;进而给出地面预处理、表面改性、优化系统设计和在轨主动清除等方面的空间光学元件分子污染减缓与清除技术;最后提出分子污染的高灵敏监测、热控及分子污染吸附复合涂层、分子污染在轨高效去除技术、先进的协同模拟设备和仿真技术等研究方向。With the extension of the life of spacecraft in orbit,the molecular contamination has more and more prominent effect on the safety and reliability of space optical systems.In this paper,the origin of space molecular contamination and its effect on space optical components were given firstly.And then the effects of natural and artificial environments such as temperature,ultraviolet,and laser irradiation on molecular contamination of optical components were analyzed.The evolution and morphology of molecular contamination on optical components affected by space environment were revealed.Further,the techniques to mitigate or to remove the molecular contamination from space optical components,such as ground pretreatment,surface modification,optimized system design and in-orbit active removal,were presented.The research directions,such as highly sensitive monitoring of molecular contamination,application of thermal control and molecular contamination adsorption composite coatings,efficient in-orbit removal of molecular contamination,advanced synergistic simulation equipment as well as computational simulation technology,were proposed lastly.

关 键 词：分子污染 光学元件 空间应用 温度 紫外辐照 激光诱导污染 

分 类 号：V416.5[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V524.3