什么导致了女性职业晋升障碍?一个基于多理论视角的整合模型  

What Causes Obstacles to Women's Career Promotion?An Integrated Model Based on Multiple Theoretical Perspectives

作　　者：张瑞娟 刘金菊[2] 尹鹏飞[3] Ruijuan ZHANG;Jinju LIU;Pengfei YIN(School of Management,China Women's University,Beijing 100010;Department of Public Administration,Beijing city University,Beijing 100094;School of Management,Xinjiang University of Finance&Economics,Urumqi,830012)

机构地区：[1]中华女子学院管理学院,北京100010 [2]北京城市学院公共管理学部,北京100083 [3]新疆财经大学工商管理学院,乌鲁木齐830012

出　　处：《中国人力资源开发》2022年第11期90-109,共20页Human Resources Development of China

基　　金：中华女子学院课题(ZKY2020204);北京市社会科学基金项目(20SRB009);国家社会科学基金项目(17BRK027)。

摘　　要：性别差距过大影响社会稳定和发展。女性职位晋升差距作为性别差距的重要表现受到了学术界的持续关注。本研究从理论视角和研究层面两个角度,系统梳理了国内外相关研究,将影响女性职位晋升的因素归纳为性别偏见、工作-家庭以及人力资本/社会资本三个理论视角,并从社会、组织和个体三个层面总结了不同理论视角下的影响因素,建立了影响女性职业晋升的因素和对策的多层次整合模型。在此基础上,提出了未来研究的几个方向。本文在理论上有助于研究者系统地了解影响女性职业晋升的因素以及这些因素在社会、组织和个体层面的具体表现;在实践方面有助于为社会和组织综合多方面因素制定联动政策,进而缩小职业晋升的性别差距。该研究也为女性自身克服社会、组织因素和自身的心理障碍的影响提供启发。The gender gap affects social stability and development.As an important manifestation of the gender gap,the promotion gap of women,especially the promotion to senior management positions,has been continuously focused on by researchers.Based on the two aspects of theoretical perspective and research level,this study systematically reviews the previous research and builds an integrative model from three theory perspective of gender prejudice,work-family conflict and human capital/social capital and three levels of society,organization and individual.Finally,several directions for future research are proposed.In theory,this study is helpful for researchers to systematically understand the various factors impeding women's career promotion and their performances of these factors at the social,organizational,and individual levels;In practice,it is helpful for the society and organizations to take associated measures from various factors to promote women's equal career promotion.Meanwhile,the study also provides inspiration for women to overcome the influence of social and organizational factors and their own psychological barriers.

关 键 词：女性职业晋升 障碍和措施 多理论视角和层次 整合模型 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理] C913.2[社会学]