从徒歌开始——陕北民歌之源小考  

From Acappellas to Songs——A Study on the Origin of Northern Shaanxi Folk Songs

作　　者：刘小红[1] 成路 LIU Xiao-hong;CHENG Lu(School of Lu Xun Arts,Yan’an University;Yan’an Federation of Literature and Art,Yan’an 716000,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]延安大学鲁迅艺术学院 [2]延安市文联,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《延安大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期101-106,共6页Journal of Yan'an University (Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：陕北信天游起源于上古徒歌,从文化地理学看,《诗经·郑风·遵大路》和西汉《上郡歌》等都与陕北信天游和劳动号子具有相似性,未经文人改造而流传的信天游词都与行走有关,属于徒歌的衍生。蒙古族早期民歌《成吉思汗歌》,不仅包含了陕北民歌的元素,其调式、节拍以及拍掌而歌的特点,也与《脚夫调》《跑旱船》《船工号子》等陕北民歌相同。土鼓的兴起标志着徒歌向乐歌的演变,陕北出土的新石器时代的陶鼓、陶响器以及镇宅石狮的石鼓底座,都表明古代鼓乐和鼓舞对陕北民歌音乐的形成具有明显的影响。Xintianyou in Northern Shaanxi originated from acappellas in ancient times.From the perspective of cultural geography,the Shijing.Zhengfeng.Zundalu and Shangjunge in Western Han Dynasty are all similar to Xintianyou and labor song in Northern Shaanxi.The Xintianyou lyrics circulated without being recomposed by literati are all related to walking and belong to the derivation of acappellas.The Song of Genghis Khan,an early Mongolian folk song,not only contains the elements of Northern Shaanxi folk songs,but also has the same characteristics with such Northern Shaanxi folk songs as the ballads of the Porter,the Boat Runner and the Boatman′s Song in the perspective of mode,rhythm as well as clapping hands while singing.The arise of soil drum is a representation of the evolution from acappellas to songs.All the ceramic drums,ceramic gongs,pedestals for stone lions and stone drums used for home-guarding script of the Neolithic Age excavated from Northern Shaanxi prove that ancient drum music and drum dance have a conspicuous influence on the formation of Northern Shaanxi folk songs.

关 键 词：徒歌 信天游 陕北民歌 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]