暴露后干预共性技术与结核病预防  

Post-exposure prophylaxis and tuberculosis prevention

作　　者：辛赫男 高磊[1] XIN He-nan;GAO Lei(Institute of Pathogen Biology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院病原生物学研究所,北京100730

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2022年第11期1271-1274,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-037)。

摘　　要：我国是结核病高负担国家,要实现终结结核病流行的全球战略目标,还需要进一步完善现有的技术体系和防控策略。暴露后干预(post-exposure prophylaxis,PEP)作为一种有效的预防手段在传染病控制工作中得到广泛应用,但是在结核病领域应用较少。目前,与病原学阳性肺结核患者有密切接触的<5岁儿童是被建议开展PEP的唯一群体,主要的干预手段是基于抗结核药物的预防性治疗。本文旨在探讨PEP在结核病预防工作中潜在的应用价值及面临的挑战,为完善肺结核密切接触者的管理工作以及实践结核病防控工作从预防发病到预防感染的“关口前移”提供新的思路。China is one of the high burden countries on tuberculosis,current tuberculosis control strategy need to be further improved in order to achieve the End Tuberculosis Strategy.As a widely used effective tool in preventing infectious diseases,post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP) has not yet been systematically applied in tuberculosis control.Currently,children aged <5 years with close contacts to microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis patients was the only target population recommended to initiate PEP with anti-tuberculosis agents.The present study illustrated the application of PEP in preventing infectious diseases.The values of PEP in tuberculosis prevention and challenge faced were further discussed.It might provide new insight for improving close contacts management and moving tuberculosis control action forward from preventing disease occurrence to controlling infection.

关 键 词：结核病 传染病 暴露风险评估 暴露后干预 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]