呼伦贝尔地区草原火灾的时空分布特征规律研究  

Study on the Spatial-Temporal Distribution Characteristic Law of the Grassland Fire in Hulunbuir Area

作　　者：伊伯乐[1] 杨逸安 李婧 安慧君[1] 周梅[1] 都瓦拉[2] 齐呼格金 那顺勿日图 Yi Bole;Yang Yian;Li Jing;An Huijun;Zhou Mei;Duwala;Qihugejin;Nashunwuritu(College of Forestry,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010019,China;Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Forestry and Grassland Administration,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010020,China;Tongliao Forestry and Grassland Administration,Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]内蒙古林业和草原局,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [4]通辽市林业和草原局,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2022年第6期131-139,共9页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2020MS03036)资助;内蒙古自治区教育科研“十三五”规划项目(2020MGH020)资助;内蒙古农业大学双一流项目(DC2100001172)资助。

摘　　要：以呼伦贝尔草原为研究区,基于该地区1990—2019年草原火灾数据,应用Mann-kendall突变检验、火灾质心等方法,分析了该地区草原火灾变化趋势及时空分布特征。结果表明:火灾发生时间方面,1998年为火灾发生的突变节点,区域火灾年际变化整体呈现下降趋势,月间主要集中在4月、5月、10月,日间主要集中在10:00—15:00。空间方面火灾主要分布在西部,火灾密度和草原受害率较高的区域主要集中在新巴尔虎右旗和新巴尔虎左旗,火灾面积质心和频次质心均呈面状分布,面积质心整体向高经度和高纬度方向偏移,频次质心明显向低经度和低纬度方向偏移;重特大火灾的分布集中在新巴尔虎右旗、陈巴尔虎旗和新巴尔虎左旗。本研究可为应急与林草管理部门的火灾防控决策提供参考。This study takes Hulunbuir grassland as the research area,based on the grassland fire data in the region from 1990 to 2019,the Mann-Kendall mutation test and fire centroid analysis methods are used to study the changing trend,temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of grassland fires in the region.The research results show that in terms of time,1998 was the sudden change node of the fire,the interannual changes of regional fires showed a downward trend as a whole,the fires occurred mainly in April,May and October,the fire time of the day mainly concentrated at 10 o’clock to 15 o’clock.In terms of space,fires in this area are mainly distributed in the west.The areas with higher fire density and grassland damage rate are mainly concentrated in Xinbarag Youqi and Xinbarag Zuoqi.The barycenter of mass of fire area and frequency of fire are showed planar distribution.The area barycenter as a whole shifts to high longitude and high latitude,and the frequency barycenter as a whole is obviously shifted to low longitude and low latitude;the distribution of major fires and particularly major fires are concentrated in Xinbarag Youqi,Chenbarag qi and Xinbarag Zuoqi.This research provides a certain decision-making reference for the fire prevention and control work of emergency and forestry management departments.

关 键 词：草原 火灾 时空分布规律 MANN-KENDALL检验 火灾质心 呼伦贝尔地区 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]